blob: e7edebf147b24b063a79a8880f531a3fa7f134d5 (
plain) (
tree)
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="da">
<!--#include virtual="/include/head.shtml"-->
<head>
<script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script>
<script id="MathJax-script" async src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!--#include virtual="/include/pghdr.shtml"-->
<div class="content">
<p class="pageTitle">Leksikon<sub> Fysik</sub></p>
<div class="section" id="measures-and-units">
<p class="large">Mål og Enheder</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Mål</th>
<th>Symbol<sub> af mål</sub></th>
<th>Enhed</th>
<th>Symbol<sub> af enhed</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr class="small">
<th colspan="4">Grundlæggende Mål</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>strømstyrke</td>
<td class="math">\(I\)</td>
<td>ampere</td>
<td class="math">\(A\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>masse</td>
<td class="math">\(m\)</td>
<td>kilogram</td>
<td class="math">\(kg\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>afstand</td>
<td class="math">\(s\)</td>
<td>meter</td>
<td class="math">\(m\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>temperatur</td>
<td class="math">\(T\)</td>
<td>kelvin</td>
<td class="math">\(K\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tid</td>
<td class="math">\(t\)</td>
<td>sekund</td>
<td class="math">\(s\)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="small">
<th colspan="4">Afledte Mål<sub> med navngivede enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>energi</td>
<td class="math">\(E\)</td>
<td>joule</td>
<td class="math">\(J\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>kraft</td>
<td class="math">\(F\)</td>
<td>newton</td>
<td class="math">\(N\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>frekvens</td>
<td class="math">\(f\)</td>
<td>hertz</td>
<td class="math">\(Hz\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>effekt</td>
<td class="math">\(P\)</td>
<td>watt</td>
<td class="math">\(W\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tryk</td>
<td class="math">\(p\)</td>
<td>pascal</td>
<td class="math">\(Pa\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ladning</td>
<td class="math">\(q\)</td>
<td>coulomb</td>
<td class="math">\(C\)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="small">
<th colspan="4">Afledte Mål<sub> med unavngivede enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>areal</td>
<td class="math">\(A\)</td>
<td>kvadratmeter</td>
<td class="math">\(m^2\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>acceleration</td>
<td class="math">\(a\)</td>
<td>meter pr. kvadratsekund</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac{m}{s^2}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>varmekapacitet</td>
<td class="math">\(C\)</td>
<td>joule pr. kelvin</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac{J}{K}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>specifik varmekapacitet</td>
<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
<td>joule pr. kelvin-kilogram</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac{J}{K \cdot kg}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>volumen</td>
<td class="math">\(V\)</td>
<td>kubikmeter</td>
<td class="math">\(m^3\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hastighed</td>
<td class="math">\(v\)</td>
<td>meter pr. sekund</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac{m}{s}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>densitet</td>
<td class="math">\(\rho\)</td>
<td>kilogram pr. kubikmeter</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac{kg}{m^3}\)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Variante mål:</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Mål</th>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Afledt af</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tyngdeacceleration</td>
<td class="math">\(g\)</td>
<td>acceleration</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>kinetisk energi</td>
<td class="math">\(K\)</td>
<td>energi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>potentiel energi</td>
<td class="math">\(U\)</td>
<td>energi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>varmeenergi</td>
<td class="math">\(Q\)</td>
<td>energi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>bølgelængde</td>
<td class="math">\(\lambda\)</td>
<td>distance</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Mål med variante enheder:</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Mål</th>
<th>Enheder</th>
<th>Symboler<sub> af enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>temperatur</td>
<td>grader celsius</td>
<td class="math">\({}^{\circ}C\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>hastighed</td>
<td>kilometer pr. time</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac{km}{h}\)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="math">\(1\ {}^{\circ}C=\frac{5463}{20}\ K\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(1\ \frac{km}{h}=\frac{5}{18}\ \frac{m}{s}\)</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="formulas">
<p class="large">Formler</p>
<p class="math">\(a=\frac{F}{m}\)</p>
<p>På en planet:</p>
<p class="math">\(g=\frac{Gm}{r^{2}}\)</p>
<p>... hvori <i>r</i> er afstanden til planetens kerne.</p>
<p class="math">\(g=\frac{981}{100}\ \frac{m}{s^2}\)</p>
<p>... er standard på Jorden.</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(E=Fs\)</p>
<p class="math">\(E=Pt\)</p>
<p class="math">\(K=\frac{mv^{2}}{2}\)</p>
<p class="math">\(Q=CT=cmT\)</p>
<p>Gravitation:</p>
<p class="math">\(U=Fs=mgs\)</p>
<p>... hvori <i>F</i> er tyngdekraften og <i>g</i> er den lokale tyngeacceleration.</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(F=ma\)</p>
<p class="math">\(F=\frac{E}{s}\)</p>
<p>Gravtitation mellem to objekter:</p>
<p class="math">\(F=\frac{Gm_{0}m_{1}}{r^{2}}\)</p>
<p>... <i>m_0</i> og <i>m_1</i> er masserne af objekterne og <i>r</i> er distancen mellem centrene af de to objekter.</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(P=\frac{E}{t}\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(p=\frac{F}{A}\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(\lambda=\frac{v}{f}\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(\rho=\frac{m}{V}\)</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="constants">
<p class="large">Konstanter</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Navn</th>
<th>Symbol</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lysets hastighed i et vakuum</td>
<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>elementærladningen</td>
<td class="math">\(e\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>gravitationskonstanten</td>
<td class="math">\(G\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Plancks konstant</td>
<td class="math">\(h\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Boltzmanns konstant</td>
<td class="math">\(k_B\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Stefan-Boltzmann konstanten</td>
<td class="math">\(\sigma\)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class="graphicText">Evt. se <a href="/html/encyclopedia/mathematics.html#constants">matematikkens konstanter</a>.</p>
<p class="math">\(c=299\ 792\ 458\ \frac{m}{s}\)</p>
<p class="math">\(e=\frac{1\ 602\ 176\ 634}{10^{28}}\ C\)</p>
<p class="math">\(G \approx \frac{66\ 743}{10^{15}}\ \frac{m^3}{kg \cdot s^2}\)</p>
<p class="math">\(h=\frac{662\ 607\ 015}{10^{42}}\ \frac{J}{Hz}\)</p>
<p class="math">\(k_B=\frac{1\ 380\ 649}{10^{29}}\ \frac{J}{K}\)</p>
<p class="math">\(\sigma=\frac{2\pi^5k_B^4}{15h^3c^2} \approx \frac{5\ 670\ 374\ 419}{10^{17}}\ \frac{W}{m^2K^4}\)</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--#include virtual="/include/pgftr.shtml"-->
</body>
</html>
|