path: root/html/encyclopedia/physics.html



<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="da">
	<!--#include virtual="/include/head.shtml"-->
	<head>
		<script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script>
		<script id="MathJax-script" async src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>
	</head>
	<body>
		<!--#include virtual="/include/pghdr.shtml"-->
		<div class="content">
			<p class="pageTitle">Leksikon<sub> Fysik</sub></p>
			<div class="section" id="measures-and-units">
				<p class="large">Mål og Enheder</p>
				<table>
					<tr>
						<th>Mål</th>
						<th>Tegn<sub> af mål</sub></th>
						<th>Enhed</th>
						<th>Tegn<sub> af enhed</sub></th>
					</tr>
					<tr class="small">
						<th colspan="4">Grundlæggende Mål</th>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>strømstyrke</td>
						<td class="math">\(I\)</td>
						<td>ampere</td>
						<td class="math">\(A\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>masse</td>
						<td class="math">\(m\)</td>
						<td>kilogram</td>
						<td class="math">\(kg\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>distance</td>
						<td class="math">\(s\)</td>
						<td>meter</td>
						<td class="math">\(m\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>temperatur</td>
						<td class="math">\(T\)</td>
						<td>kelvin</td>
						<td class="math">\(K\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>tid</td>
						<td class="math">\(t\)</td>
						<td>sekund</td>
						<td class="math">\(s\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr class="small">
						<th colspan="4">Afledte Mål</th>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>areal</td>
						<td class="math">\(A\)</td>
						<td>kvadratmeter</td>
						<td class="math">\(m ^ 2\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>acceleration</td>
						<td class="math">\(a\)</td>
						<td>meter pr. kvadratsekund</td>
						<td class="math">\(\frac{m}{s ^ 2}\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>varmekapacitet</td>
						<td class="math">\(C\)</td>
						<td>joule pr. kelvin</td>
						<td class="math">\(\frac{J}{K}\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>specifik varmekapacitet</td>
						<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
						<td>joule pr. kelvin gange kilogram</td>
						<td class="math">\(\frac{J}{K \cdot kg}\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>energi</td>
						<td class="math">\(E\)</td>
						<td>joule</td>
						<td class="math">\(J\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>kraft</td>
						<td class="math">\(F\)</td>
						<td>newton</td>
						<td class="math">\(N\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>frekvens</td>
						<td class="math">\(f\)</td>
						<td>hertz</td>
						<td class="math">\(Hz\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>hastighed</td>
						<td class="math">\(v\)</td>
						<td>meter pr. sekund</td>
						<td class="math">\(\frac{m}{s}\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>effekt</td>
						<td class="math">\(P\)</td>
						<td>watt</td>
						<td class="math">\(W\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>tryk</td>
						<td class="math">\(p\)</td>
						<td>pascal</td>
						<td class="math">\(Pa\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>ladning</td>
						<td class="math">\(q\)</td>
						<td>coulomb</td>
						<td class="math">\(C\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>volumen</td>
						<td class="math">\(V\)</td>
						<td>kubikmeter</td>
						<td class="math">\(m ^ 3\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>hastighed</td>
						<td class="math">\(v\)</td>
						<td>meter pr. sekund</td>
						<td class="math">\(\frac{m}{s}\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>densitet</td>
						<td class="math">\(\rho\)</td>
						<td>kilogram pr. kubikmeter</td>
						<td class="math">\(\frac{kg}{m ^ 3}\)</td>
					</tr>
				</table>
				<p>Yderligere mål:</p>
				<table>
					<tr>
						<th>Mål</th>
						<th>Tegn</th>
						<th>Afledt af</th>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>tyngdeacceleration</td>
						<td class="math">\(g\)</td>
						<td>acceleration</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>kinetisk energi</td>
						<td class="math">\(K\)</td>
						<td>energi</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>potentiel energi</td>
						<td class="math">\(U\)</td>
						<td>energi</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>varmeenergi</td>
						<td class="math">\(Q\)</td>
						<td>energi</td>
					</tr>
				</table>
				<p>Evt. se <a href="/html/encyclopedia/chemistry.html#measures-and-units">kemiens enheder</a>.</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(A = \frac{C}{s}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(Hz = s ^ {-1}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(J = \frac{kg \cdot m ^ 2}{s ^ 2}\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(J = Nm\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(J = Ws\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(N = \frac{kg \cdot m}{s ^ 2}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(Pa = \frac{J}{m ^ 3}\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(Pa = \frac{N}{m ^ 2}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(W = \frac{J}{s}\)</p>
			</div>
			<div class="section" id="formulas">
				<p class="large">Formler</p>
				<p class="math">\(\rho = \frac{m}{V}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p>På en planet:</p>
				<p class="math">\(g = \frac{G m}{r ^ {2}}\)</p>
				<p>... hvori <i>r</i> er afstanden til planetens kerne.</p>
				<p class="math">\(g = \frac{981}{100} \frac{m}{s ^ 2}\)</p>
				<p>... er standard på Jorden.</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(F = m a\)</p>
				<p>Gravtitation mellem to objekter:</p>
				<p class="math">\(F = \frac{G m_{0} m_{1}}{r ^ {2}}\)</p>
				<p>... <i>m_0</i> og <i>m_1</i> er masserne af objekterne og <i>r</i> er distancen mellem centrene af de to objekter.</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(p = \frac{F}{A}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(P = \frac{E}{t}\)</p>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(E = F s\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(E = P t\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(K = \frac{mv ^ {2}}{2}\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(Q = C T = c m T\)</p>
				<p>Gravitation:</p>
				<p class="math">\(U = F s = m g s\)</p>
				<p>... hvori <i>F</i> er tyngdekraften, <i>g</i> er den lokale tyngeacceleration og <i>s</i> er afstanden til centret af planeten.</p>
			</div>
			<div class="section" id="constants">
				<p class="large">Konstanter</p>
				<table>
					<tr>
						<th>Navn</th>
						<th>Symbol</th>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>lysets hastighed i et vakuum</td>
						<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>elementærladningen</td>
						<td class="math">\(e\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>gravitationskonstanten</td>
						<td class="math">\(G\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>Plancks konstant</td>
						<td class="math">\(h\)</td>
					</tr>
					<tr>
						<td>Boltzmanns konstant</td>
						<td class="math">\(k_b\)</td>
					</tr>
				</table>
				<br />
				<p class="math">\(c = 299&thinsp;792&thinsp;458&thinsp; \frac{m}{s}\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(e = \frac{1&thinsp;602&thinsp;176&thinsp;634}{10 ^ {28}} C \)</p>
				<p class="math">\(G \approx \frac{66&thinsp;743}{10 ^ {15}} \frac{m ^ 3}{kg \cdot s ^ 2}\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(h = \frac{662&thinsp;607&thinsp;015}{10 ^ {42}} \frac{J}{Hz}\)</p>
				<p class="math">\(k_b = \frac{1&thinsp;380&thinsp;649}{10 ^ {29}} \frac{J}{K}\)</p>
			</div>
		</div>
		<!--#include virtual="/include/pgftr.shtml"-->
	</body>
</html>