blob: 0eebdcc42051d567862138c4dcf4a96fab0265ea (
plain) (
blame)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="da">
<!--#include virtual="/shtml/head.shtml"-->
<!--#include virtual="/shtml/mathJax.shtml"-->
<title>Kemi<!--#include virtual="/shtml/titleSuffix.shtml"--></title>
<body>
<!--#include virtual="/shtml/logotype.shtml"-->
<div class="content">
<!--#include virtual="/shtml/navigationBar.shtml"-->
<div class="page">
<p class="pageHeading">Kemi</p>
<div class="section" id="measures-and-units">
<p class="sectionHeading">Mål og Enheder</p>
<p class="subHeading">Jf. <a href="/html/topic/physics.html#measures-and-units">fysikkens mål og enheder</a>.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Mål</th>
<th>Symbol<sub> af mål</sub></th>
<th>Enhed</th>
<th>Symbol<sub> af enhed</sub></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="small">
<th colspan="4">Mål<sub> med navngivede enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>stofmængde</td>
<td class="math">\(n\)</td>
<td>mol</td>
<td class="math">\(mol\)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="small">
<th colspan="4">Mål<sub> med unavngivede enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>stofmængdekoncentration</td>
<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
<td>mol pr. kubikmeter</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac {mol}{m^3}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>molarmasse</td>
<td class="math">\(M\)</td>
<td>kilogram pr. mol</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac {kg}{mol}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>massekoncentration</td>
<td class="math">\(\rho\)</td>
<td>kilogram pr. kubikmeter</td>
<td class="math">\(\frac {kg}{m^3}\)</td>
</tr>
<tr class="small">
<th colspan="4">Mål<sub> uden enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>massebrøk</td>
<td class="math">\(w\)</td>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>volumenbrøk</td>
<td class="math">\(\phi\)</td>
<th></th>
<th></th>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Mål med variante enheder:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Mål</th>
<th>Enheder</th>
<th>Symboler<sub> af enheder</sub></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>stofmængdekoncentration</td>
<td>molær</td>
<td class="math">\(M\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">masse</td>
<td>gram</td>
<td class="math">\(g\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>dalton</td>
<td class="math">\(u\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>volumen</td>
<td>liter</td>
<td class="math">\(L\)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>Variante mål:</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Mål</th>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Afledt af</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>atommasse</td>
<td class="math">\(A_r\)</td>
<td>masse</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="math">\(1\ M=1\ \frac {mol}{L}=10^3\ \frac {mol}{m^3}\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(1\ g=\frac 1{10^3}\ kg\)</p>
<p class="math">\(1\ u=m_u \approx \frac {16\ 605\ 390\ 666}{10^{37}}\ kg\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(1\ L=\frac 1{10^3}\ m^3\)</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="formulae">
<p class="sectionHeading">Formler</p>
<p>Heri vil formler i stilen af <span class="math">\((C_i = \frac {A_i}{\sum_j B_j})\)</span> fremstå, hvori <span class="emphasis">C<sub>i</sub></span> og <span class="emphasis">A<sub>i</sub></span> er stoffet <span class="emphasis">i</span>'s mål <span class="emphasis">C</span> og <span class="emphasis">A</span>, og <span class="math">\((\sum_j B_j)\)</span> er summen af alle stoffer (kollektivt) <span class="emphasis">j</span>'s mål <span class="emphasis">B</span>.</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(c_i=\frac {n_i}{\sum_j V_j}\)</p>
<p class="note">hvori <span class="emphasis">c<sub>i</sub></span> så er stofmængdekoncentrationen af stoffet <span class="emphasis">i</span>, <span class="emphasis">n<sub>i</sub></span> er stofmængden af stoffet <span class="emphasis">i</span>, og <span class="math">\((\sum_j V_j)\)</span> er den samlet volumen af alle stofferne <span class="emphasis">j</span> (blandingen).</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(M=\frac mn\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(m=Mn\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(n=\frac mM\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(w_i=\frac {m_i}{\sum_j m_j}\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(\rho_i=\frac {m_i}{\sum_j V_j}\)</p>
<br />
<p class="math">\(\phi_i=\frac {V_i}{\sum_j V_j}\)</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="constants">
<p class="sectionHeading">Konstanter</p>
<p class="subHeading">Jf. <a href="/html/topic/physics.html#constants">fysikkens</a> og <a href="/html/topic/mathematics.html#constants">matematikkens</a> konstanter.</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Navn</th>
<th>Symbol</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Faradays konstant</td>
<td class="math">\(F\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>molarmasse konstanten</td>
<td class="math">\(M_u\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>atommasse konstanten</td>
<td class="math">\(m_u\)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Avagadros konstant</td>
<td class="math">\(N_A\)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="math">\(F=eN_a=\frac {964\ 853\ 321\ 233\ 100\ 184}{10^{13}}\ \frac {C}{mol}\)</p>
<p class="note">hvori <span class="emphasis">e</span> er den elementære ladning.</p>
<p class="math">\(M_u=\frac {M({}^{12}C)}{12}=m_uN_a \approx \frac {999\ 999\ 999\ 65}{10^{14}}\ \frac {kg}{mol}\)</p>
<p class="math">\(m_u=\frac {m({}^{12}C)}{12} \approx \frac {16\ 605\ 390\ 666}{10^{37}}\ kg\)</p>
<p class="math">\(N_A=602\ 214\ 076 \cdot 10^{15}\ mol^{-1}\)</p>
</div>
</div>
<!--#include virtual="/shtml/copyrightNotice.shtml"-->
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
