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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="da">
	<!--#include virtual="/shtml/head.shtml"-->
	<!--#include virtual="/shtml/mathJax.shtml"-->
	<title>Fysik<!--#include virtual="/shtml/titleSuffix.shtml"--></title>
	<body>
		<!--#include virtual="/shtml/logotype.shtml"-->
		<div class="content">
			<!--#include virtual="/shtml/navigationBar.shtml"-->
			<div class="page">
				<p class="heading">Fysik</p>
				<div class="section" id="measures-and-units">
					<p class="heading">Mål og Enheder</p>
					<table>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th>Mål</th>
								<th>Symbol<sub> af mål</sub></th>
								<th>Enhed</th>
								<th>Symbol<sub> af enhed</sub></th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr class="small">
								<th colspan="4">Mål<sub> med navngivede enheder</sub></th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>energi</td>
								<td class="math">\(E\)</td>
								<td>joule</td>
								<td class="math">\(J\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>kraft</td>
								<td class="math">\(F\)</td>
								<td>newton</td>
								<td class="math">\(N\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>frekvens</td>
								<td class="math">\(f\)</td>
								<td>hertz</td>
								<td class="math">\(Hz\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>strømstyrke</td>
								<td class="math">\(I\)</td>
								<td>ampere</td>
								<td class="math">\(A\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>lysstyrke</td>
								<td class="math">\(I_v\)</td>
								<td>candela</td>
								<td class="math">\(cd\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>masse</td>
								<td class="math">\(m\)</td>
								<td>kilogram</td>
								<td class="math">\(kg\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>effekt</td>
								<td class="math">\(P\)</td>
								<td>watt</td>
								<td class="math">\(W\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>tryk</td>
								<td class="math">\(p\)</td>
								<td>pascal</td>
								<td class="math">\(Pa\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>ladning</td>
								<td class="math">\(q\)</td>
								<td>coulomb</td>
								<td class="math">\(C\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>distance</td>
								<td class="math">\(s\)</td>
								<td>meter</td>
								<td class="math">\(m\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>temperatur</td>
								<td class="math">\(T\)</td>
								<td>kelvin</td>
								<td class="math">\(K\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>tid</td>
								<td class="math">\(t\)</td>
								<td>sekund</td>
								<td class="math">\(s\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr class="small">
								<th colspan="4">Mål<sub> med unavngivede enheder</sub></th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>areal</td>
								<td class="math">\(A\)</td>
								<td>kvadratmeter</td>
								<td class="math">\(m^2\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>acceleration</td>
								<td class="math">\(a\)</td>
								<td>meter pr. kvadratsekund</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac {m}{s^2}\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>varmekapacitet</td>
								<td class="math">\(C\)</td>
								<td>joule pr. kelvin</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac {J}{K}\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>specifik varmekapacitet</td>
								<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
								<td>joule pr. kelvin-kilogram</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac {J}{K \cdot kg}\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>flux</td>
								<td class="math">\(i\)</td>
								<td>watt pr. kvadratmeter</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac {W}{m^2}\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>volumen</td>
								<td class="math">\(V\)</td>
								<td>kubikmeter</td>
								<td class="math">\(m^3\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>hastighed</td>
								<td class="math">\(v\)</td>
								<td>meter pr. sekund</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac ms\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>densitet</td>
								<td class="math">\(\rho\)</td>
								<td>kilogram pr. kubikmeter</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac {kg}{m^3}\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr class="small">
								<th colspan="4">Mål<sub> uden enheder</sub></th>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>strålingsfaktor</td>
								<td class="math">\(\varepsilon\)</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<p>Mål med variante enheder:</p>
					<table>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th>Mål</th>
								<th>Enheder</th>
								<th>Symboler<sub> af enheder</sub></th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td>temperatur</td>
								<td>grader celsius</td>
								<td class="math">\({}^{\circ}C\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>hastighed</td>
								<td>kilometer pr. time</td>
								<td class="math">\(\frac {km}{h}\)</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<p>Variante mål:</p>
					<table>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th>Mål</th>
								<th>Symbol</th>
								<th>Afledt af</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td>tyngdeacceleration</td>
								<td class="math">\(g\)</td>
								<td>acceleration</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>kinetisk energi</td>
								<td class="math">\(K\)</td>
								<td rowspan="4">energi</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>potentiel energi</td>
								<td class="math">\(U\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>varmeenergi</td>
								<td class="math">\(Q\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>arbejde</td>
								<td class="math">\(W\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>bølgelængde</td>
								<td class="math">\(\lambda\)</td>
								<td>distance</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<div class="group">
						<p>Afledte enheder:</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ C=1\ A \cdot 1\ s\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ Hz=1\ s^{-1}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ J=1\ \frac {kg \cdot m^2}{s^2}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ N=1\ \frac {kg \cdot m}{s^2}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ Pa=1\ \frac {kg}{ms^2}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ W=1\ \frac Js\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p>Variante enheder:</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ {}^{\circ}C=\frac {5463}{20}\ K\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(1\ \frac {km}h=\frac 5{18}\ \frac ms\)</p>
					</div>
				</div>
				<div class="section" id="electrodynamics">
					<p class="heading">Elektrodynamik</p>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(I=\frac qt\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(i=\frac PA\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(i=T^4{\sigma}{\varepsilon}\)</p>
						<p class="note">afgives ved stråling.</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(P=iA\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(q=It\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(T=\sqrt[4] {\frac i{{\sigma}{\varepsilon}}}\)</p>
						<p class="note">ved overfladen af det strålende objekt.</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(\lambda=\frac vf\)</p>
					</div>
				</div>
				<div class="section" id="mechanics">
					<p class="heading">Mekanik</p>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(a=\frac Fm\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(a=\frac vt\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(g=\frac {Gm}{r^2}\)</p>
						<p class="note">hvori <span class="emphasis">r</span> er distancen til planetens kerne.</p>
						<p class="math">\(g_&#9793;=\frac {980\ 665}{10^5}\ \frac m{s^2}\)</p>
						<p class="note">er standard på Jorden.</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(E=Pt\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(K=\frac {mv^2}2\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(U=Fs\)</p>
						<p class="note">hvori <span class="emphasis">F</span> er tyngdekraften og <span class="emphasis">g</span> er den lokale tyngeacceleration.</p>
						<p class="math">\(W=Fs\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(F=\frac Es\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(F=\frac {Gm_0m_1}{r^2}\)</p>
						<p class="note">hvori <span class="emphasis">m<sub>0</sub></span> og <span class="emphasis">m<sub>1</sub></span> er masserne af objekterne og <span class="emphasis">r</span> er distancen mellem centrene af de to objekter.</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(P=\frac Wt\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(p=\frac FA\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(\rho=\frac mV\)</p>
					</div>
				</div>
				<div class="section" id="thermodynamics">
					<p class="heading">Termodynamik</p>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(C=Cm\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(c=\frac Cm\)</p>
					</div>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(Q=CT\)</p>
					</div>
				</div>
				<div class="section" id="constants">
					<p class="heading">Konstanter</p>
					<p class="subheading">Jf. <a href="/html/topic/mathematics.html#constants">matematikkens konstanter</a>.</p>
					<table>
						<thead>
							<tr>
								<th>Navn</th>
								<th>Symbol</th>
							</tr>
						</thead>
						<tbody>
							<tr>
								<td>lysets hastighed i et vakuum</td>
								<td class="math">\(c\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>elementærladningen</td>
								<td class="math">\(e\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>gravitationskonstanten</td>
								<td class="math">\(G\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>Plancks konstant</td>
								<td class="math">\(h\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>Boltzmanns konstant</td>
								<td class="math">\(k_B\)</td>
							</tr>
							<tr>
								<td>Stefan-Boltzmann konstanten</td>
								<td class="math">\(\sigma\)</td>
							</tr>
						</tbody>
					</table>
					<div class="group">
						<p class="math">\(c=299\ 792\ 458\ \frac ms\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(e=\frac {1\ 602\ 176\ 634}{10^{28}}\ C\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(G \approx \frac {66\ 743}{10^{15}}\ \frac {m^3}{kg \cdot s^2}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(h=\frac {662\ 607\ 015}{10^{42}}\ \frac J{Hz}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(k_B=\frac {1\ 380\ 649}{10^{29}}\ \frac J{K}\)</p>
						<p class="math">\(\sigma=\frac {2\pi^5k_B^4}{15h^3c^2} \approx \frac {5\ 670\ 374\ 419}{10^{17}}\ \frac W{m^2K^4}\)</p>
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
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