Add `From<{integer}>` for `f16`/`f128` impls
This PR adds `impl From<{bool,i8,u8}> for f16` and `impl From<{bool,i8,u8,i16,u16,i32,u32}> for f128`.
The `From<{i64,u64}> for f128` impls are left commented out as adding them would allow using `f128` on stable before it is stabilised like in the following example:
```rust
fn f<T: From<u64>>(x: T) -> T { x }
fn main() {
let x = f(1.0); // the type of the literal is inferred to be `f128`
}
```
None of the impls added in this PR have this issue as they are all, at minimum, also implemented by `f64`.
This PR will need a crater run for the `From<{i32,u32}>` impls, as `f64` is no longer the only float type to implement them (similar to the cause of #125198).
cc `@bjoernager`
r? `@tgross35`
Tracking issue: #116909
c3dd4eefd6