Record `LocalDefId` in HIR nodes instead of a side table
This is part of an attempt to remove the `HirId -> LocalDefId` table from HIR.
This attempt is a prerequisite to creation of `LocalDefId` after HIR lowering (https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/96840), by controlling how `def_id` information is accessed.
This first part adds the information to HIR nodes themselves instead of a table.
The second part is https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/103902
The third part will be to make `hir::Visitor::visit_fn` take a `LocalDefId` as last parameter.
The fourth part will be to completely remove the side table.
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