Improve `xcrun` error handling
The compiler invokes `xcrun` on macOS when linking Apple targets, to find the Xcode SDK which contain all the necessary linker stubs. The error messages that `xcrun` outputs aren't always that great though, so this PR tries to improve that by providing extra context when an error occurs.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/56829.
Fixes https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/84534.
Part of https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/129432.
See also the alternative https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/131433.
Tested on:
- `x86_64-apple-darwin`, MacBook Pro running Mac OS X 10.12.6
- With no tooling installed
- With Xcode 9.2
- With Xcode 9.2 Commandline Tools
- `aarch64-apple-darwin`, MacBook M2 Pro running macOS 14.7.4
- With Xcode 13.4.1
- With Xcode 16.2
- Inside `nix-shell -p xcbuild` (nixpkgs' `xcrun` shim)
- `aarch64-apple-darwin`, VM running macOS 15.3.1
- With no tooling installed
- With Xcode 16.2 Commandline Tools
``@rustbot`` label O-apple
r? compiler
CC ``@BlackHoleFox`` ``@thomcc``
0b40e6e2cf