Rollup merge of #130526 - eholk:pin-reborrow, r=compiler-errors

Begin experimental support for pin reborrowing

This commit adds basic support for reborrowing `Pin` types in argument position. At the moment it only supports reborrowing `Pin<&mut T>` as `Pin<&mut T>` by inserting a call to `Pin::as_mut()`, and only in argument position (not as the receiver in a method call).

This PR makes the following example compile:

```rust
#![feature(pin_ergonomics)]

fn foo(_: Pin<&mut Foo>) {
}

fn bar(mut x: Pin<&mut Foo>) {
    foo(x);
    foo(x);
}
```

Previously, you would have had to write `bar` as:

```rust
fn bar(mut x: Pin<&mut Foo>) {
    foo(x.as_mut());
    foo(x);
}
```

Tracking:

- #130494

r? `@compiler-errors`

compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/thir/cx/expr.rs

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Cx<'tcx> {
         self.thir.exprs.push(expr)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "trace", skip(self, expr, span))]
     fn apply_adjustment(
         &mut self,
         hir_expr: &'tcx hir::Expr<'tcx>,
@@ -146,6 +147,67 @@ impl<'tcx> Cx<'tcx> {
                 ExprKind::RawBorrow { mutability, arg: self.thir.exprs.push(expr) }
             }
             Adjust::DynStar => ExprKind::Cast { source: self.thir.exprs.push(expr) },
+            Adjust::ReborrowPin(region, mutbl) => {
+                debug!("apply ReborrowPin adjustment");
+                // Rewrite `$expr` as `Pin { __pointer: &(mut)? *($expr).__pointer }`
+
+                // We'll need these types later on
+                let pin_ty_args = match expr.ty.kind() {
+                    ty::Adt(_, args) => args,
+                    _ => bug!("ReborrowPin with non-Pin type"),
+                };
+                let pin_ty = pin_ty_args.iter().next().unwrap().expect_ty();
+                let ptr_target_ty = match pin_ty.kind() {
+                    ty::Ref(_, ty, _) => *ty,
+                    _ => bug!("ReborrowPin with non-Ref type"),
+                };
+
+                // pointer = ($expr).__pointer
+                let pointer_target = ExprKind::Field {
+                    lhs: self.thir.exprs.push(expr),
+                    variant_index: FIRST_VARIANT,
+                    name: FieldIdx::from(0u32),
+                };
+                let arg = Expr { temp_lifetime, ty: pin_ty, span, kind: pointer_target };
+                let arg = self.thir.exprs.push(arg);
+
+                // arg = *pointer
+                let expr = ExprKind::Deref { arg };
+                let arg = self.thir.exprs.push(Expr {
+                    temp_lifetime,
+                    ty: ptr_target_ty,
+                    span,
+                    kind: expr,
+                });
+
+                // expr = &mut target
+                let borrow_kind = match mutbl {
+                    hir::Mutability::Mut => BorrowKind::Mut { kind: mir::MutBorrowKind::Default },
+                    hir::Mutability::Not => BorrowKind::Shared,
+                };
+                let new_pin_target = Ty::new_ref(self.tcx, region, ptr_target_ty, mutbl);
+                let expr = self.thir.exprs.push(Expr {
+                    temp_lifetime,
+                    ty: new_pin_target,
+                    span,
+                    kind: ExprKind::Borrow { borrow_kind, arg },
+                });
+
+                // kind = Pin { __pointer: pointer }
+                let pin_did = self.tcx.require_lang_item(rustc_hir::LangItem::Pin, Some(span));
+                let args = self.tcx.mk_args(&[new_pin_target.into()]);
+                let kind = ExprKind::Adt(Box::new(AdtExpr {
+                    adt_def: self.tcx.adt_def(pin_did),
+                    variant_index: FIRST_VARIANT,
+                    args,
+                    fields: Box::new([FieldExpr { name: FieldIdx::from(0u32), expr }]),
+                    user_ty: None,
+                    base: None,
+                }));
+
+                debug!(?kind);
+                kind
+            }
         };
 
         Expr { temp_lifetime, ty: adjustment.target, span, kind }
@@ -1014,7 +1076,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Cx<'tcx> {
 
         // Reconstruct the output assuming it's a reference with the
         // same region and mutability as the receiver. This holds for
-        // `Deref(Mut)::Deref(_mut)` and `Index(Mut)::index(_mut)`.
+        // `Deref(Mut)::deref(_mut)` and `Index(Mut)::index(_mut)`.
         let ty::Ref(region, _, mutbl) = *self.thir[args[0]].ty.kind() else {
             span_bug!(span, "overloaded_place: receiver is not a reference");
         };