Auto merge of #89030 - nbdd0121:box2, r=jonas-schievink

Introduce `Rvalue::ShallowInitBox`

Polished version of #88700.

Implements MCP rust-lang/compiler-team#460, and should allow #43596 to go forward.

In short, creating an empty box is split from a nullary-op `NullOp::Box` into two steps, first a call to `exchange_malloc`, then a `Rvalue::ShallowInitBox` which transmutes `*mut u8` to a shallow-initialized `Box<T>`. This allows the `exchange_malloc` call to unwind. Details can be found in the MCP.

`NullOp::Box` is not yet removed, purely to make reverting easier in case anything goes wrong as the result of this PR. If revert is needed a reversion of "Use Rvalue::ShallowInitBox for box expression" commit followed by a test bless should be sufficient.

Experiments in #88700 showed a very slight compile-time perf regression due to (supposedly) slightly more time spent in LLVM. We could omit unwind edge generation (in non-`oom=panic` case) in box expression MIR construction to restore perf; but I don't think it's necessary since runtime perf isn't affected and perf difference is rather small.

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs

@@ -2200,6 +2200,12 @@ pub enum Rvalue<'tcx> {
     /// that `Foo` has a destructor. These rvalues can be optimized
     /// away after type-checking and before lowering.
     Aggregate(Box<AggregateKind<'tcx>>, Vec<Operand<'tcx>>),
+
+    /// Transmutes a `*mut u8` into shallow-initialized `Box<T>`.
+    ///
+    /// This is different a normal transmute because dataflow analysis will treat the box
+    /// as initialized but its content as uninitialized.
+    ShallowInitBox(Operand<'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>),
 }
 
 #[cfg(all(target_arch = "x86_64", target_pointer_width = "64"))]
@@ -2450,6 +2456,10 @@ impl<'tcx> Debug for Rvalue<'tcx> {
                     }),
                 }
             }
+
+            ShallowInitBox(ref place, ref ty) => {
+                write!(fmt, "ShallowInitBox({:?}, {:?})", place, ty)
+            }
         }
     }
 }

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/tcx.rs

@@ -206,6 +206,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Rvalue<'tcx> {
                     tcx.mk_generator(did, substs, movability)
                 }
             },
+            Rvalue::ShallowInitBox(_, ty) => tcx.mk_box(ty),
         }
     }
 
@@ -214,7 +215,9 @@ impl<'tcx> Rvalue<'tcx> {
     /// whether its only shallowly initialized (`Rvalue::Box`).
     pub fn initialization_state(&self) -> RvalueInitializationState {
         match *self {
-            Rvalue::NullaryOp(NullOp::Box, _) => RvalueInitializationState::Shallow,
+            Rvalue::NullaryOp(NullOp::Box, _) | Rvalue::ShallowInitBox(_, _) => {
+                RvalueInitializationState::Shallow
+            }
             _ => RvalueInitializationState::Deep,
         }
     }

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/type_foldable.rs

@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFoldable<'tcx> for Rvalue<'tcx> {
                 });
                 Aggregate(kind, fields.fold_with(folder))
             }
+            ShallowInitBox(op, ty) => ShallowInitBox(op.fold_with(folder), ty.fold_with(folder)),
         }
     }
 
@@ -255,6 +256,10 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFoldable<'tcx> for Rvalue<'tcx> {
                 }
                 fields.visit_with(visitor)
             }
+            ShallowInitBox(ref op, ty) => {
+                op.visit_with(visitor)?;
+                ty.visit_with(visitor)
+            }
         }
     }
 }

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/visit.rs

@@ -753,6 +753,11 @@ macro_rules! make_mir_visitor {
                             self.visit_operand(operand, location);
                         }
                     }
+
+                    Rvalue::ShallowInitBox(operand, ty) => {
+                        self.visit_operand(operand, location);
+                        self.visit_ty(ty, TyContext::Location(location));
+                    }
                 }
             }