Rollup merge of #94869 - jackh726:gats_extended, r=compiler-errors

Add the generic_associated_types_extended feature

Right now, this only ignore obligations that reference new placeholders in `poly_project_and_unify_type`. In the future, this might do other things, like allowing object-safe GATs.

**This feature is *incomplete* and quite likely unsound. This is mostly just for testing out potential future APIs using a "relaxed" set of rules until we figure out *proper* rules.**

Also drive by cleanup of adding a `ProjectAndUnifyResult` enum instead of using a `Result<Result<Option>>`.

r? `@nikomatsakis`

compiler/rustc_feature/src/active.rs

@@ -400,6 +400,8 @@ declare_features! (
     (active, generic_arg_infer, "1.55.0", Some(85077), None),
     /// Allows associated types to be generic, e.g., `type Foo<T>;` (RFC 1598).
     (active, generic_associated_types, "1.23.0", Some(44265), None),
+    /// An extension to the `generic_associated_types` feature, allowing incomplete features.
+    (incomplete, generic_associated_types_extended, "1.61.0", Some(95451), None),
     /// Allows non-trivial generic constants which have to have wfness manually propagated to callers
     (incomplete, generic_const_exprs, "1.56.0", Some(76560), None),
     /// Allows using `..X`, `..=X`, `...X`, and `X..` as a pattern.