code-cov: generate dead functions with private/default linkage

As discovered in #85461, the MSVC linker treats weak symbols slightly
differently than unix-y linkers do. This causes link.exe to fail with
LNK1227 "conflicting weak extern definition" where as other targets are
able to link successfully.

This changes the dead functions from being generated as weak/hidden to
private/default which, as the LLVM reference says:

> Global values with “private” linkage are only directly accessible by
objects in the current module. In particular, linking code into a module
with a private global value may cause the private to be renamed as
necessary to avoid collisions. Because the symbol is private to the
module, all references can be updated. This doesn’t show up in any
symbol table in the object file.

This fixes the conflicting weak symbols but doesn't address the reason
*why* we have conflicting symbols for these dead functions. The test
cases added in this commit contain a minimal repro of the fundamental
issue which is that the logic used to decide what dead code functions
should be codegen'd in the current CGU doesn't take into account that
functions can be duplicated across multiple CGUs (for instance, in the
case of `#[inline(always)]` functions).

Fixing that is likely to be a more complex change (see
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/85461#issuecomment-985005805).

Fixes #85461

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/coverageinfo/mod.rs

@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ fn declare_unused_fn(cx: &CodegenCx<'ll, 'tcx>, def_id: &DefId) -> Instance<'tcx
         ),
     );
 
-    llvm::set_linkage(llfn, llvm::Linkage::WeakAnyLinkage);
-    llvm::set_visibility(llfn, llvm::Visibility::Hidden);
+    llvm::set_linkage(llfn, llvm::Linkage::PrivateLinkage);
+    llvm::set_visibility(llfn, llvm::Visibility::Default);
 
     assert!(cx.instances.borrow_mut().insert(instance, llfn).is_none());