rust_for_linux: -Zregparm=<N> commandline flag for X86 (#116972)

compiler/rustc_session/messages.ftl

@@ -136,3 +136,6 @@ session_unsupported_crate_type_for_target =
     dropping unsupported crate type `{$crate_type}` for target `{$target_triple}`
 
 session_unsupported_dwarf_version = requested DWARF version {$dwarf_version} is greater than 5
+
+session_unsupported_regparm = `-Zregparm={$regparm}` is unsupported (valid values 0-3)
+session_unsupported_regparm_arch = `-Zregparm=N` is only supported on x86

compiler/rustc_session/src/errors.rs

@@ -485,6 +485,16 @@ pub(crate) struct FunctionReturnRequiresX86OrX8664;
 #[diag(session_function_return_thunk_extern_requires_non_large_code_model)]
 pub(crate) struct FunctionReturnThunkExternRequiresNonLargeCodeModel;
 
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(session_unsupported_regparm)]
+pub(crate) struct UnsupportedRegparm {
+    pub(crate) regparm: u32,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(session_unsupported_regparm_arch)]
+pub(crate) struct UnsupportedRegparmArch;
+
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(session_failed_to_create_profiler)]
 pub(crate) struct FailedToCreateProfiler {

compiler/rustc_session/src/options.rs

@@ -2000,6 +2000,10 @@ options! {
         "enable queries of the dependency graph for regression testing (default: no)"),
     randomize_layout: bool = (false, parse_bool, [TRACKED],
         "randomize the layout of types (default: no)"),
+    regparm: Option<u32> = (None, parse_opt_number, [TRACKED],
+        "On x86-32 targets, setting this to N causes the compiler to pass N arguments \
+        in registers EAX, EDX, and ECX instead of on the stack.\
+        It is UNSOUND to link together crates that use different values for this flag!"),
     relax_elf_relocations: Option<bool> = (None, parse_opt_bool, [TRACKED],
         "whether ELF relocations can be relaxed"),
     remap_cwd_prefix: Option<PathBuf> = (None, parse_opt_pathbuf, [TRACKED],

compiler/rustc_session/src/session.rs

@@ -1337,6 +1337,15 @@ fn validate_commandline_args_with_session_available(sess: &Session) {
         }
     }
 
+    if let Some(regparm) = sess.opts.unstable_opts.regparm {
+        if regparm > 3 {
+            sess.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnsupportedRegparm { regparm });
+        }
+        if sess.target.arch != "x86" {
+            sess.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnsupportedRegparmArch);
+        }
+    }
+
     // The code model check applies to `thunk` and `thunk-extern`, but not `thunk-inline`, so it is
     // kept as a `match` to force a change if new ones are added, even if we currently only support
     // `thunk-extern` like Clang.