Rollup merge of #122226 - Zalathar:zcoverage-options, r=nnethercote

coverage: Remove or migrate all unstable values of `-Cinstrument-coverage`

(This PR was substantially overhauled from its original version, which migrated all of the existing unstable values intact.)

This PR takes the three nightly-only values that are currently accepted by `-Cinstrument-coverage`, completely removes two of them (`except-unused-functions` and `except-unused-generics`), and migrates the third (`branch`) over to a newly-introduced unstable flag `-Zcoverage-options`.

I have a few motivations for wanting to do this:

- It's unclear whether anyone actually uses the `except-unused-*` values, so this serves as an opportunity to either remove them, or prompt existing users to object to their removal.
- After #117199, the stable values of `-Cinstrument-coverage` treat it as a boolean-valued flag, so having nightly-only extra values feels out-of-place.
  - Nightly-only values also require extra ad-hoc code to make sure they aren't accidentally exposed to stable users.
- The new system allows multiple different settings to be toggled independently, which isn't possible in the current single-value system.
- The new system makes it easier to introduce new behaviour behind an unstable toggle, and then gather nightly-user feedback before possibly making it the default behaviour for all users.
- The new system also gives us a convenient place to put relatively-narrow options that won't ever be the default, but that nightly users might still want access to.
- It's likely that we will eventually want to give stable users more fine-grained control over coverage instrumentation. The new flag serves as a prototype of what that stable UI might eventually look like.

The `branch` option is a placeholder that currently does nothing. It will be used by #122322 to opt into branch coverage instrumentation.

---

I see `-Zcoverage-options` as something that will exist more-or-less indefinitely, though individual sub-options might come and go as appropriate. I think there will always be some demand for nightly-only toggles, so I don't see `-Zcoverage-options` itself ever being stable, though we might eventually stabilize something similar to it.

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/coverageinfo/mapgen.rs

@@ -355,21 +355,20 @@ fn add_unused_functions(cx: &CodegenCx<'_, '_>) {
 
     let tcx = cx.tcx;
 
-    let ignore_unused_generics = tcx.sess.instrument_coverage_except_unused_generics();
-
     let eligible_def_ids = tcx.mir_keys(()).iter().filter_map(|local_def_id| {
         let def_id = local_def_id.to_def_id();
         let kind = tcx.def_kind(def_id);
         // `mir_keys` will give us `DefId`s for all kinds of things, not
         // just "functions", like consts, statics, etc. Filter those out.
-        // If `ignore_unused_generics` was specified, filter out any
-        // generic functions from consideration as well.
         if !matches!(kind, DefKind::Fn | DefKind::AssocFn | DefKind::Closure) {
             return None;
         }
-        if ignore_unused_generics && tcx.generics_of(def_id).requires_monomorphization(tcx) {
-            return None;
-        }
+
+        // FIXME(79651): Consider trying to filter out dummy instantiations of
+        // unused generic functions from library crates, because they can produce
+        // "unused instantiation" in coverage reports even when they are actually
+        // used by some downstream crate in the same binary.
+
         Some(local_def_id.to_def_id())
     });