Rollup merge of #136608 - kulst:ptx_target_features, r=bjorn3

Pass through of target features to llvm-bitcode-linker and handling them

When using the llvm-bitcode-linker (`linker-flavor=llbc`) target-features are not passed through and are not handled by it.
The llvm-bitcode-linker is mainly used as a self contained linker to link llvm bitcode for the nvptx64 target. It uses `llvm-link`, `opt` and `llc` internally. To produce a `.ptx` file of a specific ptx-version it is necessary to pass the version to llc with the `--mattr` option. Without explicitly setting it, the emitted `.ptx`-version is the minimum supported version of the `--target-cpu`.

I would like to be able to explicitly set the ptx version as [some llvm problems only occur in earlier `.ptx`-versions](https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/112998).

Therefore this pull request adds support for passing target features to llvm-bitcode-linker and handling them.
I was not quite sure if adding these features to `rustc_target/src/target_features.rs` is necessary or not. If so I will gladly add these.

    r? ``@kjetilkjeka``

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link.rs

@@ -2519,6 +2519,12 @@ fn add_order_independent_options(
             "--target-cpu",
             &codegen_results.crate_info.target_cpu,
         ]);
+        if codegen_results.crate_info.target_features.len() > 0 {
+            cmd.link_arg(&format!(
+                "--target-feature={}",
+                &codegen_results.crate_info.target_features.join(",")
+            ));
+        }
     } else if flavor == LinkerFlavor::Ptx {
         cmd.link_args(&["--fallback-arch", &codegen_results.crate_info.target_cpu]);
     } else if flavor == LinkerFlavor::Bpf {

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/base.rs

@@ -915,6 +915,7 @@ impl CrateInfo {
         let n_crates = crates.len();
         let mut info = CrateInfo {
             target_cpu,
+            target_features: tcx.global_backend_features(()).clone(),
             crate_types,
             exported_symbols,
             linked_symbols,

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/lib.rs

@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ impl From<&cstore::NativeLib> for NativeLib {
 #[derive(Debug, Encodable, Decodable)]
 pub struct CrateInfo {
     pub target_cpu: String,
+    pub target_features: Vec<String>,
     pub crate_types: Vec<CrateType>,
     pub exported_symbols: UnordMap<CrateType, Vec<String>>,
     pub linked_symbols: FxIndexMap<CrateType, Vec<(String, SymbolExportKind)>>,
@@ -230,6 +231,7 @@ pub fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
     crate::base::provide(providers);
     crate::target_features::provide(providers);
     crate::codegen_attrs::provide(providers);
+    providers.queries.global_backend_features = |_tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, ()| vec![];
 }
 
 /// Checks if the given filename ends with the `.rcgu.o` extension that `rustc`