Rollup merge of #100694 - finalchild:ast-passes-diag, r=TaKO8Ki

Migrate rustc_ast_passes diagnostics to `SessionDiagnostic` and translatable messages (first part)

Doing a full migration of the `rustc_ast_passes` crate.
Making a draft here since there's not yet a tracking issue for the migrations going on.

`@rustbot` label +A-translation

Cargo.lock

@@ -3595,6 +3595,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustc_data_structures",
  "rustc_errors",
  "rustc_feature",
+ "rustc_macros",
  "rustc_parse",
  "rustc_session",
  "rustc_span",

compiler/rustc_ast_passes/Cargo.toml

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ rustc_attr = { path = "../rustc_attr" }
 rustc_data_structures = { path = "../rustc_data_structures" }
 rustc_errors = { path = "../rustc_errors" }
 rustc_feature = { path = "../rustc_feature" }
+rustc_macros = { path = "../rustc_macros" }
 rustc_parse = { path = "../rustc_parse" }
 rustc_session = { path = "../rustc_session" }
 rustc_span = { path = "../rustc_span" }

compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use rustc_ast::walk_list;
 use rustc_ast::*;
 use rustc_ast_pretty::pprust::{self, State};
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
-use rustc_errors::{error_code, pluralize, struct_span_err, Applicability, Diagnostic};
+use rustc_errors::{error_code, fluent, pluralize, struct_span_err, Applicability};
 use rustc_parse::validate_attr;
 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{
     DEPRECATED_WHERE_CLAUSE_LOCATION, MISSING_ABI, PATTERNS_IN_FNS_WITHOUT_BODY,
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ use rustc_target::spec::abi;
 use std::mem;
 use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
 
+use crate::errors::*;
+
 const MORE_EXTERN: &str =
     "for more information, visit https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.extern.html";
 
@@ -117,23 +119,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
 
     /// Emits an error banning the `let` expression provided in the given location.
     fn ban_let_expr(&self, expr: &'a Expr, forbidden_let_reason: ForbiddenLetReason) {
-        let err = "`let` expressions are not supported here";
+        self.session.emit_err(ForbiddenLet { span: expr.span, reason: forbidden_let_reason });
-        let mut diag = self.session.struct_span_err(expr.span, err);
-        diag.note("only supported directly in conditions of `if` and `while` expressions");
-        match forbidden_let_reason {
-            ForbiddenLetReason::GenericForbidden => {}
-            ForbiddenLetReason::NotSupportedOr(span) => {
-                diag.span_note(span, "`||` operators are not supported in let chain expressions");
-            }
-            ForbiddenLetReason::NotSupportedParentheses(span) => {
-                diag.span_note(
-                    span,
-                    "`let`s wrapped in parentheses are not supported in a context with let \
-                    chains",
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        diag.emit();
     }
 
     fn check_gat_where(
@@ -163,7 +149,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
                 DEPRECATED_WHERE_CLAUSE_LOCATION,
                 id,
                 where_clauses.0.1,
-                "where clause not allowed here",
+                fluent::ast_passes::deprecated_where_clause_location,
                 BuiltinLintDiagnostics::DeprecatedWhereclauseLocation(
                     where_clauses.1.1.shrink_to_hi(),
                     suggestion,
@@ -193,10 +179,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
             AssocConstraintKind::Equality { .. } => {}
             AssocConstraintKind::Bound { .. } => {
                 if self.is_assoc_ty_bound_banned {
-                    self.err_handler().span_err(
+                    self.session.emit_err(ForbiddenAssocConstraint { span: constraint.span });
-                        constraint.span,
-                        "associated type bounds are not allowed within structs, enums, or unions",
-                    );
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -268,31 +251,26 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
     fn check_lifetime(&self, ident: Ident) {
         let valid_names = [kw::UnderscoreLifetime, kw::StaticLifetime, kw::Empty];
         if !valid_names.contains(&ident.name) && ident.without_first_quote().is_reserved() {
-            self.err_handler().span_err(ident.span, "lifetimes cannot use keyword names");
+            self.session.emit_err(KeywordLifetime { span: ident.span });
         }
     }
 
     fn check_label(&self, ident: Ident) {
         if ident.without_first_quote().is_reserved() {
-            self.err_handler()
+            self.session.emit_err(InvalidLabel { span: ident.span, name: ident.name });
-                .span_err(ident.span, &format!("invalid label name `{}`", ident.name));
         }
     }
 
-    fn invalid_visibility(&self, vis: &Visibility, note: Option<&str>) {
+    fn invalid_visibility(&self, vis: &Visibility, note: Option<InvalidVisibilityNote>) {
         if let VisibilityKind::Inherited = vis.kind {
             return;
         }
 
-        let mut err =
+        self.session.emit_err(InvalidVisibility {
-            struct_span_err!(self.session, vis.span, E0449, "unnecessary visibility qualifier");
+            span: vis.span,
-        if vis.kind.is_pub() {
+            implied: if vis.kind.is_pub() { Some(vis.span) } else { None },
-            err.span_label(vis.span, "`pub` not permitted here because it's implied");
+            note,
-        }
+        });
-        if let Some(note) = note {
-            err.note(note);
-        }
-        err.emit();
     }
 
     fn check_decl_no_pat(decl: &FnDecl, mut report_err: impl FnMut(Span, Option<Ident>, bool)) {
@@ -309,29 +287,13 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
 
     fn check_trait_fn_not_async(&self, fn_span: Span, asyncness: Async) {
         if let Async::Yes { span, .. } = asyncness {
-            struct_span_err!(
+            self.session.emit_err(TraitFnAsync { fn_span, span });
-                self.session,
-                fn_span,
-                E0706,
-                "functions in traits cannot be declared `async`"
-            )
-            .span_label(span, "`async` because of this")
-            .note("`async` trait functions are not currently supported")
-            .note("consider using the `async-trait` crate: https://crates.io/crates/async-trait")
-            .emit();
         }
     }
 
     fn check_trait_fn_not_const(&self, constness: Const) {
         if let Const::Yes(span) = constness {
-            struct_span_err!(
+            self.session.emit_err(TraitFnConst { span });
-                self.session,
-                span,
-                E0379,
-                "functions in traits cannot be declared const"
-            )
-            .span_label(span, "functions in traits cannot be const")
-            .emit();
         }
     }
 
@@ -344,8 +306,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
                 GenericParamKind::Lifetime { .. } => {
                     if !param.bounds.is_empty() {
                         let spans: Vec<_> = param.bounds.iter().map(|b| b.span()).collect();
-                        self.err_handler()
+                        self.session.emit_err(ForbiddenLifetimeBound { spans });
-                            .span_err(spans, "lifetime bounds cannot be used in this context");
                     }
                     None
                 }
@@ -353,10 +314,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
             })
             .collect();
         if !non_lt_param_spans.is_empty() {
-            self.err_handler().span_err(
+            self.session.emit_err(ForbiddenNonLifetimeParam { spans: non_lt_param_spans });
-                non_lt_param_spans,
-                "only lifetime parameters can be used in this context",
-            );
         }
     }
 
@@ -373,10 +331,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
         let max_num_args: usize = u16::MAX.into();
         if fn_decl.inputs.len() > max_num_args {
             let Param { span, .. } = fn_decl.inputs[0];
-            self.err_handler().span_fatal(
+            self.session.emit_fatal(FnParamTooMany { span, max_num_args });
-                span,
-                &format!("function can not have more than {} arguments", max_num_args),
-            );
         }
     }
 
@@ -384,19 +339,13 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
         match &*fn_decl.inputs {
             [Param { ty, span, .. }] => {
                 if let TyKind::CVarArgs = ty.kind {
-                    self.err_handler().span_err(
+                    self.session.emit_err(FnParamCVarArgsOnly { span: *span });
-                        *span,
-                        "C-variadic function must be declared with at least one named argument",
-                    );
                 }
             }
             [ps @ .., _] => {
                 for Param { ty, span, .. } in ps {
                     if let TyKind::CVarArgs = ty.kind {
-                        self.err_handler().span_err(
+                        self.session.emit_err(FnParamCVarArgsNotLast { span: *span });
-                            *span,
-                            "`...` must be the last argument of a C-variadic function",
-                        );
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -423,19 +372,9 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
             })
             .for_each(|attr| {
                 if attr.is_doc_comment() {
-                    self.err_handler()
+                    self.session.emit_err(FnParamDocComment { span: attr.span });
-                        .struct_span_err(
-                            attr.span,
-                            "documentation comments cannot be applied to function parameters",
-                        )
-                        .span_label(attr.span, "doc comments are not allowed here")
-                        .emit();
                 } else {
-                    self.err_handler().span_err(
+                    self.session.emit_err(FnParamForbiddenAttr { span: attr.span });
-                        attr.span,
-                        "allow, cfg, cfg_attr, deny, expect, \
-                forbid, and warn are the only allowed built-in attributes in function parameters",
-                    );
                 }
             });
     }
@@ -443,14 +382,7 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
     fn check_decl_self_param(&self, fn_decl: &FnDecl, self_semantic: SelfSemantic) {
         if let (SelfSemantic::No, [param, ..]) = (self_semantic, &*fn_decl.inputs) {
             if param.is_self() {
-                self.err_handler()
+                self.session.emit_err(FnParamForbiddenSelf { span: param.span });
-                    .struct_span_err(
-                        param.span,
-                        "`self` parameter is only allowed in associated functions",
-                    )
-                    .span_label(param.span, "not semantically valid as function parameter")
-                    .note("associated functions are those in `impl` or `trait` definitions")
-                    .emit();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -458,47 +390,20 @@ impl<'a> AstValidator<'a> {
     fn check_defaultness(&self, span: Span, defaultness: Defaultness) {
         if let Defaultness::Default(def_span) = defaultness {
             let span = self.session.source_map().guess_head_span(span);
-            self.err_handler()
+            self.session.emit_err(ForbiddenDefault { span, def_span });
-                .struct_span_err(span, "`default` is only allowed on items in trait impls")
-                .span_label(def_span, "`default` because of this")
-                .emit();
         }
     }
 
-    fn error_item_without_body(&self, sp: Span, ctx: &str, msg: &str, sugg: &str) {
+    /// If `sp` ends with a semicolon, returns it as a `Span`
-        self.error_item_without_body_with_help(sp, ctx, msg, sugg, |_| ());
+    /// Otherwise, returns `sp.shrink_to_hi()`
-    }
+    fn ending_semi_or_hi(&self, sp: Span) -> Span {
-
-    fn error_item_without_body_with_help(
-        &self,
-        sp: Span,
-        ctx: &str,
-        msg: &str,
-        sugg: &str,
-        help: impl FnOnce(&mut Diagnostic),
-    ) {
         let source_map = self.session.source_map();
         let end = source_map.end_point(sp);
-        let replace_span = if source_map.span_to_snippet(end).map(|s| s == ";").unwrap_or(false) {
+
+        if source_map.span_to_snippet(end).map(|s| s == ";").unwrap_or(false) {
             end
         } else {
             sp.shrink_to_hi()
-        };
-        let mut err = self.err_handler().struct_span_err(sp, msg);
-        err.span_suggestion(
-            replace_span,
-            &format!("provide a definition for the {}", ctx),
-            sugg,
-            Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
-        );
-        help(&mut err);
-        err.emit();
-    }
-
-    fn check_impl_item_provided<T>(&self, sp: Span, body: &Option<T>, ctx: &str, sugg: &str) {
-        if body.is_none() {
-            let msg = format!("associated {} in `impl` without body", ctx);
-            self.error_item_without_body(sp, ctx, &msg, sugg);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1168,7 +1073,7 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
 
                 self.invalid_visibility(
                     &item.vis,
-                    Some("place qualifiers on individual impl items instead"),
+                    Some(InvalidVisibilityNote::IndividualImplItems),
                 );
                 if let Unsafe::Yes(span) = unsafety {
                     error(span, "unsafe").code(error_code!(E0197)).emit();
@@ -1191,37 +1096,23 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
                 self.check_defaultness(item.span, defaultness);
 
                 if body.is_none() {
-                    let msg = "free function without a body";
+                    self.session.emit_err(FnWithoutBody {
-                    let ext = sig.header.ext;
+                        span: item.span,
-
+                        replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
-                    let f = |e: &mut Diagnostic| {
+                        extern_block_suggestion: match sig.header.ext {
-                        if let Extern::Implicit(start_span) | Extern::Explicit(_, start_span) = &ext
+                            Extern::None => None,
-                        {
+                            Extern::Implicit(start_span) => Some(ExternBlockSuggestion {
-                            let start_suggestion = if let Extern::Explicit(abi, _) = ext {
+                                start_span,
-                                format!("extern \"{}\" {{", abi.symbol_unescaped)
+                                end_span: item.span.shrink_to_hi(),
-                            } else {
+                                abi: None,
-                                "extern {".to_owned()
+                            }),
-                            };
+                            Extern::Explicit(abi, start_span) => Some(ExternBlockSuggestion {
-
+                                start_span,
-                            let end_suggestion = " }".to_owned();
+                                end_span: item.span.shrink_to_hi(),
-                            let end_span = item.span.shrink_to_hi();
+                                abi: Some(abi.symbol_unescaped),
-
+                            }),
-                            e
+                        },
-                            .multipart_suggestion(
+                    });
-                                "if you meant to declare an externally defined function, use an `extern` block",
-                                vec![(*start_span, start_suggestion), (end_span, end_suggestion)],
-                                Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
-                             );
-                        }
-                    };
-
-                    self.error_item_without_body_with_help(
-                        item.span,
-                        "function",
-                        msg,
-                        " { <body> }",
-                        f,
-                    );
                 }
 
                 self.visit_vis(&item.vis);
@@ -1236,7 +1127,7 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
                 let old_item = mem::replace(&mut self.extern_mod, Some(item));
                 self.invalid_visibility(
                     &item.vis,
-                    Some("place qualifiers on individual foreign items instead"),
+                    Some(InvalidVisibilityNote::IndividualForeignItems),
                 );
                 if let Unsafe::Yes(span) = unsafety {
                     self.err_handler().span_err(span, "extern block cannot be declared unsafe");
@@ -1327,12 +1218,16 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
             }
             ItemKind::Const(def, .., None) => {
                 self.check_defaultness(item.span, def);
-                let msg = "free constant item without body";
+                self.session.emit_err(ConstWithoutBody {
-                self.error_item_without_body(item.span, "constant", msg, " = <expr>;");
+                    span: item.span,
+                    replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
+                });
             }
             ItemKind::Static(.., None) => {
-                let msg = "free static item without body";
+                self.session.emit_err(StaticWithoutBody {
-                self.error_item_without_body(item.span, "static", msg, " = <expr>;");
+                    span: item.span,
+                    replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
+                });
             }
             ItemKind::TyAlias(box TyAlias {
                 defaultness,
@@ -1343,8 +1238,10 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
             }) => {
                 self.check_defaultness(item.span, defaultness);
                 if ty.is_none() {
-                    let msg = "free type alias without body";
+                    self.session.emit_err(TyAliasWithoutBody {
-                    self.error_item_without_body(item.span, "type", msg, " = <type>;");
+                        span: item.span,
+                        replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
+                    });
                 }
                 self.check_type_no_bounds(bounds, "this context");
                 if where_clauses.1.0 {
@@ -1648,10 +1545,20 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
         if ctxt == AssocCtxt::Impl {
             match &item.kind {
                 AssocItemKind::Const(_, _, body) => {
-                    self.check_impl_item_provided(item.span, body, "constant", " = <expr>;");
+                    if body.is_none() {
+                        self.session.emit_err(AssocConstWithoutBody {
+                            span: item.span,
+                            replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
+                        });
+                    }
                 }
                 AssocItemKind::Fn(box Fn { body, .. }) => {
-                    self.check_impl_item_provided(item.span, body, "function", " { <body> }");
+                    if body.is_none() {
+                        self.session.emit_err(AssocFnWithoutBody {
+                            span: item.span,
+                            replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
+                        });
+                    }
                 }
                 AssocItemKind::TyAlias(box TyAlias {
                     generics,
@@ -1661,7 +1568,12 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
                     ty,
                     ..
                 }) => {
-                    self.check_impl_item_provided(item.span, ty, "type", " = <type>;");
+                    if ty.is_none() {
+                        self.session.emit_err(AssocTypeWithoutBody {
+                            span: item.span,
+                            replace_span: self.ending_semi_or_hi(item.span),
+                        });
+                    }
                     self.check_type_no_bounds(bounds, "`impl`s");
                     if ty.is_some() {
                         self.check_gat_where(
@@ -1876,7 +1788,7 @@ pub fn check_crate(session: &Session, krate: &Crate, lints: &mut LintBuffer) ->
 
 /// Used to forbid `let` expressions in certain syntactic locations.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-enum ForbiddenLetReason {
+pub(crate) enum ForbiddenLetReason {
     /// `let` is not valid and the source environment is not important
     GenericForbidden,
     /// A let chain with the `||` operator

compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/errors.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+//! Errors emitted by ast_passes.
+
+use rustc_errors::{fluent, AddSubdiagnostic, Applicability, Diagnostic};
+use rustc_macros::{SessionDiagnostic, SessionSubdiagnostic};
+use rustc_span::{Span, Symbol};
+
+use crate::ast_validation::ForbiddenLetReason;
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::forbidden_let)]
+#[note]
+pub struct ForbiddenLet {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[subdiagnostic]
+    pub(crate) reason: ForbiddenLetReason,
+}
+
+impl AddSubdiagnostic for ForbiddenLetReason {
+    fn add_to_diagnostic(self, diag: &mut Diagnostic) {
+        match self {
+            Self::GenericForbidden => {}
+            Self::NotSupportedOr(span) => {
+                diag.span_note(span, fluent::ast_passes::not_supported_or);
+            }
+            Self::NotSupportedParentheses(span) => {
+                diag.span_note(span, fluent::ast_passes::not_supported_parentheses);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::forbidden_assoc_constraint)]
+pub struct ForbiddenAssocConstraint {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::keyword_lifetime)]
+pub struct KeywordLifetime {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::invalid_label)]
+pub struct InvalidLabel {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    pub name: Symbol,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::invalid_visibility, code = "E0449")]
+pub struct InvalidVisibility {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[label(ast_passes::implied)]
+    pub implied: Option<Span>,
+    #[subdiagnostic]
+    pub note: Option<InvalidVisibilityNote>,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionSubdiagnostic)]
+pub enum InvalidVisibilityNote {
+    #[note(ast_passes::individual_impl_items)]
+    IndividualImplItems,
+    #[note(ast_passes::individual_foreign_items)]
+    IndividualForeignItems,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::trait_fn_async, code = "E0706")]
+#[note]
+#[note(ast_passes::note2)]
+pub struct TraitFnAsync {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub fn_span: Span,
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::trait_fn_const, code = "E0379")]
+pub struct TraitFnConst {
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::forbidden_lifetime_bound)]
+pub struct ForbiddenLifetimeBound {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub spans: Vec<Span>,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::forbidden_non_lifetime_param)]
+pub struct ForbiddenNonLifetimeParam {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub spans: Vec<Span>,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_param_too_many)]
+pub struct FnParamTooMany {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    pub max_num_args: usize,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_param_c_var_args_only)]
+pub struct FnParamCVarArgsOnly {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_param_c_var_args_not_last)]
+pub struct FnParamCVarArgsNotLast {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_param_doc_comment)]
+pub struct FnParamDocComment {
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_param_forbidden_attr)]
+pub struct FnParamForbiddenAttr {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_param_forbidden_self)]
+#[note]
+pub struct FnParamForbiddenSelf {
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::forbidden_default)]
+pub struct ForbiddenDefault {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[label]
+    pub def_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::assoc_const_without_body)]
+pub struct AssocConstWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " = <expr>;", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::assoc_fn_without_body)]
+pub struct AssocFnWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " {{ <body> }}", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::assoc_type_without_body)]
+pub struct AssocTypeWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " = <type>;", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::const_without_body)]
+pub struct ConstWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " = <expr>;", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::static_without_body)]
+pub struct StaticWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " = <expr>;", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::ty_alias_without_body)]
+pub struct TyAliasWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " = <type>;", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(SessionDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(ast_passes::fn_without_body)]
+pub struct FnWithoutBody {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    #[suggestion(code = " {{ <body> }}", applicability = "has-placeholders")]
+    pub replace_span: Span,
+    #[subdiagnostic]
+    pub extern_block_suggestion: Option<ExternBlockSuggestion>,
+}
+
+pub struct ExternBlockSuggestion {
+    pub start_span: Span,
+    pub end_span: Span,
+    pub abi: Option<Symbol>,
+}
+
+impl AddSubdiagnostic for ExternBlockSuggestion {
+    fn add_to_diagnostic(self, diag: &mut Diagnostic) {
+        let start_suggestion = if let Some(abi) = self.abi {
+            format!("extern \"{}\" {{", abi)
+        } else {
+            "extern {".to_owned()
+        };
+        let end_suggestion = " }".to_owned();
+
+        diag.multipart_suggestion(
+            fluent::ast_passes::extern_block_suggestion,
+            vec![(self.start_span, start_suggestion), (self.end_span, end_suggestion)],
+            Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+        );
+    }
+}

compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/lib.rs

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #![recursion_limit = "256"]
 
 pub mod ast_validation;
+mod errors;
 pub mod feature_gate;
 pub mod node_count;
 pub mod show_span;

compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/format.rs

@@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@ fn create_lints_for_named_arguments_used_positionally(cx: &mut Context<'_, '_>)
 
         cx.ecx.buffered_early_lint.push(BufferedEarlyLint {
             span: MultiSpan::from_span(named_arg.positional_named_arg_span),
-            msg: msg.clone(),
+            msg: msg.into(),
             node_id: ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
             lint_id: LintId::of(&NAMED_ARGUMENTS_USED_POSITIONALLY),
             diagnostic: BuiltinLintDiagnostics::NamedArgumentUsedPositionally {

compiler/rustc_error_messages/locales/en-US/ast_passes.ftl

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+ast_passes_forbidden_let =
+    `let` expressions are not supported here
+    .note = only supported directly in conditions of `if` and `while` expressions
+    .not_supported_or = `||` operators are not supported in let chain expressions
+    .not_supported_parentheses = `let`s wrapped in parentheses are not supported in a context with let chains
+
+ast_passes_deprecated_where_clause_location =
+    where clause not allowed here
+
+ast_passes_forbidden_assoc_constraint =
+    associated type bounds are not allowed within structs, enums, or unions
+
+ast_passes_keyword_lifetime =
+    lifetimes cannot use keyword names
+
+ast_passes_invalid_label =
+    invalid label name `{$name}`
+
+ast_passes_invalid_visibility =
+    unnecessary visibility qualifier
+    .implied = `pub` not permitted here because it's implied
+    .individual_impl_items = place qualifiers on individual impl items instead
+    .individual_foreign_items = place qualifiers on individual foreign items instead
+
+ast_passes_trait_fn_async =
+    functions in traits cannot be declared `async`
+    .label = `async` because of this
+    .note = `async` trait functions are not currently supported
+    .note2 = consider using the `async-trait` crate: https://crates.io/crates/async-trait
+
+ast_passes_trait_fn_const =
+    functions in traits cannot be declared const
+    .label = functions in traits cannot be const
+
+ast_passes_forbidden_lifetime_bound =
+    lifetime bounds cannot be used in this context
+
+ast_passes_forbidden_non_lifetime_param =
+    only lifetime parameters can be used in this context
+
+ast_passes_fn_param_too_many =
+    function can not have more than {$max_num_args} arguments
+
+ast_passes_fn_param_c_var_args_only =
+    C-variadic function must be declared with at least one named argument
+
+ast_passes_fn_param_c_var_args_not_last =
+    `...` must be the last argument of a C-variadic function
+
+ast_passes_fn_param_doc_comment =
+    documentation comments cannot be applied to function parameters
+    .label = doc comments are not allowed here
+
+ast_passes_fn_param_forbidden_attr =
+    allow, cfg, cfg_attr, deny, expect, forbid, and warn are the only allowed built-in attributes in function parameters
+
+ast_passes_fn_param_forbidden_self =
+    `self` parameter is only allowed in associated functions
+    .label = not semantically valid as function parameter
+    .note = associated functions are those in `impl` or `trait` definitions
+
+ast_passes_forbidden_default =
+    `default` is only allowed on items in trait impls
+    .label = `default` because of this
+
+ast_passes_assoc_const_without_body =
+    associated constant in `impl` without body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the constant
+
+ast_passes_assoc_fn_without_body =
+    associated function in `impl` without body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the function
+
+ast_passes_assoc_type_without_body =
+    associated type in `impl` without body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the type
+
+ast_passes_const_without_body =
+    free constant item without body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the constant
+
+ast_passes_static_without_body =
+    free static item without body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the static
+
+ast_passes_ty_alias_without_body =
+    free type alias without body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the type
+
+ast_passes_fn_without_body =
+    free function without a body
+    .suggestion = provide a definition for the function
+    .extern_block_suggestion = if you meant to declare an externally defined function, use an `extern` block

compiler/rustc_error_messages/src/lib.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ pub use unic_langid::{langid, LanguageIdentifier};
 
 // Generates `DEFAULT_LOCALE_RESOURCES` static and `fluent_generated` module.
 fluent_messages! {
+    ast_passes => "../locales/en-US/ast_passes.ftl",
     borrowck => "../locales/en-US/borrowck.ftl",
     builtin_macros => "../locales/en-US/builtin_macros.ftl",
     const_eval => "../locales/en-US/const_eval.ftl",

compiler/rustc_lint/src/early.rs

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ impl<'a, T: EarlyLintPass> EarlyContextAndPass<'a, T> {
                 lint_id.lint,
                 Some(span),
                 |lint| {
-                    lint.build(&msg).emit();
+                    lint.build(msg).emit();
                 },
                 diagnostic,
             );

compiler/rustc_lint_defs/src/lib.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ pub use self::Level::*;
 use rustc_ast::node_id::{NodeId, NodeMap};
 use rustc_ast::{AttrId, Attribute};
 use rustc_data_structures::stable_hasher::{HashStable, StableHasher, ToStableHashKey};
-use rustc_error_messages::MultiSpan;
+use rustc_error_messages::{DiagnosticMessage, MultiSpan};
 use rustc_hir::HashStableContext;
 use rustc_hir::HirId;
 use rustc_span::edition::Edition;
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ pub struct BufferedEarlyLint {
     pub span: MultiSpan,
 
     /// The lint message.
-    pub msg: String,
+    pub msg: DiagnosticMessage,
 
     /// The `NodeId` of the AST node that generated the lint.
     pub node_id: NodeId,
@@ -520,11 +520,11 @@ impl LintBuffer {
         lint: &'static Lint,
         node_id: NodeId,
         span: MultiSpan,
-        msg: &str,
+        msg: impl Into<DiagnosticMessage>,
         diagnostic: BuiltinLintDiagnostics,
     ) {
         let lint_id = LintId::of(lint);
-        let msg = msg.to_string();
+        let msg = msg.into();
         self.add_early_lint(BufferedEarlyLint { lint_id, node_id, span, msg, diagnostic });
     }
 
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ impl LintBuffer {
         lint: &'static Lint,
         id: NodeId,
         sp: impl Into<MultiSpan>,
-        msg: &str,
+        msg: impl Into<DiagnosticMessage>,
     ) {
         self.add_lint(lint, id, sp.into(), msg, BuiltinLintDiagnostics::Normal)
     }
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ impl LintBuffer {
         lint: &'static Lint,
         id: NodeId,
         sp: impl Into<MultiSpan>,
-        msg: &str,
+        msg: impl Into<DiagnosticMessage>,
         diagnostic: BuiltinLintDiagnostics,
     ) {
         self.add_lint(lint, id, sp.into(), msg, diagnostic)

compiler/rustc_macros/src/diagnostics/utils.rs

@@ -235,35 +235,40 @@ pub(crate) trait HasFieldMap {
         // the referenced fields. Leaves `it` sitting on the closing brace of the format string, so
         // the next call to `it.next()` retrieves the next character.
         while let Some(c) = it.next() {
-            if c == '{' && *it.peek().unwrap_or(&'\0') != '{' {
+            if c != '{' {
-                let mut eat_argument = || -> Option<String> {
+                continue;
-                    let mut result = String::new();
+            }
-                    // Format specifiers look like:
+            if *it.peek().unwrap_or(&'\0') == '{' {
-                    //
+                assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), '{');
-                    //   format   := '{' [ argument ] [ ':' format_spec ] '}' .
+                continue;
-                    //
+            }
-                    // Therefore, we only need to eat until ':' or '}' to find the argument.
+            let mut eat_argument = || -> Option<String> {
-                    while let Some(c) = it.next() {
+                let mut result = String::new();
-                        result.push(c);
+                // Format specifiers look like:
-                        let next = *it.peek().unwrap_or(&'\0');
+                //
-                        if next == '}' {
+                //   format   := '{' [ argument ] [ ':' format_spec ] '}' .
-                            break;
+                //
-                        } else if next == ':' {
+                // Therefore, we only need to eat until ':' or '}' to find the argument.
-                            // Eat the ':' character.
+                while let Some(c) = it.next() {
-                            assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), ':');
+                    result.push(c);
-                            break;
+                    let next = *it.peek().unwrap_or(&'\0');
-                        }
+                    if next == '}' {
+                        break;
+                    } else if next == ':' {
+                        // Eat the ':' character.
+                        assert_eq!(it.next().unwrap(), ':');
+                        break;
                     }
-                    // Eat until (and including) the matching '}'
-                    while it.next()? != '}' {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    Some(result)
-                };
-
-                if let Some(referenced_field) = eat_argument() {
-                    referenced_fields.insert(referenced_field);
                 }
+                // Eat until (and including) the matching '}'
+                while it.next()? != '}' {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                Some(result)
+            };
+
+            if let Some(referenced_field) = eat_argument() {
+                referenced_fields.insert(referenced_field);
             }
         }
 

compiler/rustc_session/src/parse.rs

@@ -360,6 +360,17 @@ impl ParseSess {
         self.create_warning(warning).emit()
     }
 
+    pub fn create_fatal<'a>(
+        &'a self,
+        fatal: impl SessionDiagnostic<'a, !>,
+    ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a, !> {
+        fatal.into_diagnostic(self)
+    }
+
+    pub fn emit_fatal<'a>(&'a self, fatal: impl SessionDiagnostic<'a, !>) -> ! {
+        self.create_fatal(fatal).emit()
+    }
+
     #[rustc_lint_diagnostics]
     pub fn struct_err(
         &self,
@@ -373,6 +384,11 @@ impl ParseSess {
         self.span_diagnostic.struct_warn(msg)
     }
 
+    #[rustc_lint_diagnostics]
+    pub fn struct_fatal(&self, msg: impl Into<DiagnosticMessage>) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'_, !> {
+        self.span_diagnostic.struct_fatal(msg)
+    }
+
     #[rustc_lint_diagnostics]
     pub fn struct_diagnostic<G: EmissionGuarantee>(
         &self,

compiler/rustc_session/src/session.rs

@@ -482,6 +482,15 @@ impl Session {
     pub fn emit_warning<'a>(&'a self, warning: impl SessionDiagnostic<'a, ()>) {
         self.parse_sess.emit_warning(warning)
     }
+    pub fn create_fatal<'a>(
+        &'a self,
+        fatal: impl SessionDiagnostic<'a, !>,
+    ) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a, !> {
+        self.parse_sess.create_fatal(fatal)
+    }
+    pub fn emit_fatal<'a>(&'a self, fatal: impl SessionDiagnostic<'a, !>) -> ! {
+        self.parse_sess.emit_fatal(fatal)
+    }
     #[inline]
     pub fn err_count(&self) -> usize {
         self.diagnostic().err_count()