Make HandleCycleError an enum instead of a macro-generated closure

- Add a `HandleCycleError` enum to rustc_query_system, along with a `handle_cycle_error` function
- Move `Value` to rustc_query_system, so `handle_cycle_error` can use it
- Move the `Value` impls from rustc_query_impl to rustc_middle. This is necessary due to orphan rules.

compiler/rustc_query_system/src/values.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+use crate::dep_graph::DepContext;
+
+pub trait Value<CTX: DepContext>: Sized {
+    fn from_cycle_error(tcx: CTX) -> Self;
+}
+
+impl<CTX: DepContext, T> Value<CTX> for T {
+    default fn from_cycle_error(tcx: CTX) -> T {
+        tcx.sess().abort_if_errors();
+        // Ideally we would use `bug!` here. But bug! is only defined in rustc_middle, and it's
+        // non-trivial to define it earlier.
+        panic!("Value::from_cycle_error called without errors");
+    }
+}