Make HandleCycleError an enum instead of a macro-generated closure

- Add a `HandleCycleError` enum to rustc_query_system, along with a `handle_cycle_error` function
- Move `Value` to rustc_query_system, so `handle_cycle_error` can use it
- Move the `Value` impls from rustc_query_impl to rustc_middle. This is necessary due to orphan rules.

compiler/rustc_middle/src/values.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+use rustc_middle::ty::{self, AdtSizedConstraint, Ty, TyCtxt};
+use rustc_query_system::Value;
+
+impl<'tcx> Value<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for Ty<'_> {
+    fn from_cycle_error(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: This is never called when `Self` is not `Ty<'tcx>`.
+        // FIXME: Represent the above fact in the trait system somehow.
+        unsafe { std::mem::transmute::<Ty<'tcx>, Ty<'_>>(tcx.ty_error()) }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> Value<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ty::SymbolName<'_> {
+    fn from_cycle_error(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: This is never called when `Self` is not `SymbolName<'tcx>`.
+        // FIXME: Represent the above fact in the trait system somehow.
+        unsafe {
+            std::mem::transmute::<ty::SymbolName<'tcx>, ty::SymbolName<'_>>(ty::SymbolName::new(
+                tcx, "<error>",
+            ))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> Value<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for AdtSizedConstraint<'_> {
+    fn from_cycle_error(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Self {
+        // SAFETY: This is never called when `Self` is not `AdtSizedConstraint<'tcx>`.
+        // FIXME: Represent the above fact in the trait system somehow.
+        unsafe {
+            std::mem::transmute::<AdtSizedConstraint<'tcx>, AdtSizedConstraint<'_>>(
+                AdtSizedConstraint(tcx.intern_type_list(&[tcx.ty_error()])),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> Value<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ty::Binder<'_, ty::FnSig<'_>> {
+    fn from_cycle_error(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Self {
+        let err = tcx.ty_error();
+        // FIXME(compiler-errors): It would be nice if we could get the
+        // query key, so we could at least generate a fn signature that
+        // has the right arity.
+        let fn_sig = ty::Binder::dummy(tcx.mk_fn_sig(
+            [].into_iter(),
+            err,
+            false,
+            rustc_hir::Unsafety::Normal,
+            rustc_target::spec::abi::Abi::Rust,
+        ));
+
+        // SAFETY: This is never called when `Self` is not `ty::Binder<'tcx, ty::FnSig<'tcx>>`.
+        // FIXME: Represent the above fact in the trait system somehow.
+        unsafe { std::mem::transmute::<ty::PolyFnSig<'tcx>, ty::Binder<'_, ty::FnSig<'_>>>(fn_sig) }
+    }
+}