Create stable metric to measure long computation in Const Eval

This patch adds a `MirPass` that tracks the number of back-edges and
function calls in the CFG, adds a new MIR instruction to increment a
counter every time they are encountered during Const Eval, and emit a
warning if a configured limit is breached.

compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dest_prop.rs

@@ -577,6 +577,7 @@ impl WriteInfo {
                 self.add_place(**place);
             }
             StatementKind::Intrinsic(_)
+            | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
             | StatementKind::Nop
             | StatementKind::Coverage(_)
             | StatementKind::StorageLive(_)