Rollup merge of #102110 - CleanCut:migrate_rustc_passes_diagnostics, r=davidtwco

Migrate rustc_passes diagnostics

Picks up abandoned work from https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/100870

I would like to do this collaboratively, as there is a lot of work! Here's the process:

- Comment below that you are willing to help and I will add you as a collaborator to my `rust` fork (that gives you write access)
- Indicate which file/task you would like to work on (so we don't duplicate work) from the list below
- Do the work, push up a commit, comment that you're done with that file/task
- Repeat until done 😄

### Files to Migrate (in `compiler/rustc_passes/src/`)

- [x] check_attr.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] check_const.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] dead.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] debugger_visualizer.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] diagnostic_items.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] entry.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] lang_items.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] layout_test.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] lib_features.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] ~liveness.rs~ ``@CleanCut`` Nothing to do
- [x] loops.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] naked_functions.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] stability.rs ``@CleanCut``
- [x] weak_lang_items.rs ``@CleanCut``

### Tasks

- [x] Rebase on current `master` ``@CleanCut``
- [x] Review work from [the earlier PR](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/100870) and make sure it all looks good
  - [x] compiler/rustc_error_messages/locales/en-US/passes.ftl ``@CleanCut``
  - [x] compiler/rustc_passes/src/check_attr.rs ``@CleanCut``
  - [x] compiler/rustc_passes/src/errors.rs ``@CleanCut``
  - [x] compiler/rustc_passes/src/lang_items.rs ``@CleanCut``
  - [x] compiler/rustc_passes/src/lib.rs ``@CleanCut``
  - [x] compiler/rustc_passes/src/weak_lang_items.rs ``@CleanCut``

compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs

@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ pub use diagnostic::{
     AddToDiagnostic, DecorateLint, Diagnostic, DiagnosticArg, DiagnosticArgFromDisplay,
     DiagnosticArgValue, DiagnosticId, DiagnosticStyledString, IntoDiagnosticArg, SubDiagnostic,
 };
-pub use diagnostic_builder::{DiagnosticBuilder, EmissionGuarantee};
+pub use diagnostic_builder::{DiagnosticBuilder, EmissionGuarantee, Noted};
 use std::backtrace::Backtrace;
 
 /// A handler deals with errors and other compiler output.