Auto merge of #96544 - m-ysk:feature/issue-96358, r=cjgillot

Stop keeping metadata in memory before writing it to disk

Fixes #96358

I created this PR according with the instruction given in the issue except for the following points:

- While the issue says "Write metadata into the temporary file in `encode_and_write_metadata` even if `!need_metadata_file`", I could not do that. That is because though I tried to do that and run `x.py test`, I got a lot of test failures as follows.

<details>
<summary>List of failed tests</summary>
<pre>
<code>
failures:
    [ui] src/test/ui/json-multiple.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/json-options.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/rmeta/rmeta-rpass.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/save-analysis/emit-notifications.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/changing-crates.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-change-lit.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-change-significant-cfg.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-change-trait-bound.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-change-type-arg.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-change-type-ret.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-change-type-static.rs
    [ui] src/test/ui/svh/svh-use-trait.rs

test result: FAILED. 12915 passed; 12 failed; 100 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 71.41s

Some tests failed in compiletest suite=ui mode=ui host=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Build completed unsuccessfully in 0:01:58
</code>
</pre>
</details>

- I could not resolve the extra tasks about `create_rmeta_file` and `create_compressed_metadata_file` for my lack of ability.

compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/memmap.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::fs::File;
 use std::io;
-use std::ops::Deref;
+use std::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
 
 use crate::owning_ref::StableAddress;
 
@@ -45,3 +45,64 @@ impl Deref for Mmap {
 // export any function that can cause the `Vec` to be re-allocated. As such the address of the
 // bytes inside this `Vec` is stable.
 unsafe impl StableAddress for Mmap {}
+
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+pub struct MmapMut(memmap2::MmapMut);
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+pub struct MmapMut(Vec<u8>);
+
+#[cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))]
+impl MmapMut {
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn map_anon(len: usize) -> io::Result<Self> {
+        let mmap = memmap2::MmapMut::map_anon(len)?;
+        Ok(MmapMut(mmap))
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.0.flush()
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn make_read_only(self) -> std::io::Result<Mmap> {
+        let mmap = self.0.make_read_only()?;
+        Ok(Mmap(mmap))
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_arch = "wasm32")]
+impl MmapMut {
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn map_anon(len: usize) -> io::Result<Self> {
+        let data = Vec::with_capacity(len);
+        Ok(MmapMut(data))
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn make_read_only(self) -> std::io::Result<Mmap> {
+        Ok(Mmap(self.0))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Deref for MmapMut {
+    type Target = [u8];
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn deref(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &*self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl DerefMut for MmapMut {
+    #[inline]
+    fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut [u8] {
+        &mut *self.0
+    }
+}