Auto merge of #91125 - eskarn:llvm-passes-plugin-support, r=nagisa

Allow loading LLVM plugins with both legacy and new pass manager

Opening a draft PR to get feedback and start discussion on this feature. There is already a codegen option `passes` which allow giving a list of LLVM pass names, however we currently can't use a LLVM pass plugin (as described here : https://llvm.org/docs/WritingAnLLVMPass.html), the only available passes are the LLVM built-in ones.

The proposed modification would be to add another codegen option `pass-plugins`, which can be set with a list of paths to shared library files. These libraries are loaded using the LLVM function `PassPlugin::Load`, which calls the expected symbol `lvmGetPassPluginInfo`, and register the pipeline parsing and optimization callbacks.

An example usage with a single plugin and 3 passes would look like this in the `.cargo/config`:

```toml
rustflags = [
    "-C", "pass-plugins=/tmp/libLLVMPassPlugin",
    "-C", "passes=pass1 pass2 pass3",
]
```
This would give the same functionality as the opt LLVM tool directly integrated in rust build system.

Additionally, we can also not specify the `passes` option, and use a plugin which inserts passes in the optimization pipeline, as one could do using clang.

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/llvm/ffi.rs

@@ -2313,6 +2313,8 @@ extern "C" {
         end_callback: SelfProfileAfterPassCallback,
         ExtraPasses: *const c_char,
         ExtraPassesLen: size_t,
+        LLVMPlugins: *const c_char,
+        LLVMPluginsLen: size_t,
     ) -> LLVMRustResult;
     pub fn LLVMRustPrintModule(
         M: &Module,