rust/compiler/rustc_target/src/abi/call/mod.rs

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use crate::abi::{self, Abi, Align, FieldsShape, Size};
use crate::abi::{HasDataLayout, TyAbiInterface, TyAndLayout};
use crate::spec::{self, HasTargetSpec};
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use rustc_span::Symbol;
use std::fmt;
mod aarch64;
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mod amdgpu;
mod arm;
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mod avr;
mod bpf;
mod hexagon;
mod m68k;
mod mips;
mod mips64;
mod msp430;
mod nvptx64;
mod powerpc;
mod powerpc64;
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mod riscv;
mod s390x;
mod sparc;
mod sparc64;
rustc: Add a new `wasm` ABI This commit implements the idea of a new ABI for the WebAssembly target, one called `"wasm"`. This ABI is entirely of my own invention and has no current precedent, but I think that the addition of this ABI might help solve a number of issues with the WebAssembly targets. When `wasm32-unknown-unknown` was first added to Rust I naively "implemented an abi" for the target. I then went to write `wasm-bindgen` which accidentally relied on details of this ABI. Turns out the ABI definition didn't match C, which is causing issues for C/Rust interop. Currently the compiler has a "wasm32 bindgen compat" ABI which is the original implementation I added, and it's purely there for, well, `wasm-bindgen`. Another issue with the WebAssembly target is that it's not clear to me when and if the default C ABI will change to account for WebAssembly's multi-value feature (a feature that allows functions to return multiple values). Even if this does happen, though, it seems like the C ABI will be guided based on the performance of WebAssembly code and will likely not match even what the current wasm-bindgen-compat ABI is today. This leaves a hole in Rust's expressivity in binding WebAssembly where given a particular import type, Rust may not be able to import that signature with an updated C ABI for multi-value. To fix these issues I had the idea of a new ABI for WebAssembly, one called `wasm`. The definition of this ABI is "what you write maps straight to wasm". The goal here is that whatever you write down in the parameter list or in the return values goes straight into the function's signature in the WebAssembly file. This special ABI is for intentionally matching the ABI of an imported function from the environment or exporting a function with the right signature. With the addition of a new ABI, this enables rustc to: * Eventually remove the "wasm-bindgen compat hack". Once this ABI is stable wasm-bindgen can switch to using it everywhere. Afterwards the wasm32-unknown-unknown target can have its default ABI updated to match C. * Expose the ability to precisely match an ABI signature for a WebAssembly function, regardless of what the C ABI that clang chooses turns out to be. * Continue to evolve the definition of the default C ABI to match what clang does on all targets, since the purpose of that ABI will be explicitly matching C rather than generating particular function imports/exports. Naturally this is implemented as an unstable feature initially, but it would be nice for this to get stabilized (if it works) in the near-ish future to remove the wasm32-unknown-unknown incompatibility with the C ABI. Doing this, however, requires the feature to be on stable because wasm-bindgen works with stable Rust.
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mod wasm;
mod x86;
mod x86_64;
mod x86_win64;
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub enum PassMode {
/// Ignore the argument.
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///
/// The argument is either uninhabited or a ZST.
Ignore,
/// Pass the argument directly.
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///
/// The argument has a layout abi of `Scalar`, `Vector` or in rare cases `Aggregate`.
Direct(ArgAttributes),
/// Pass a pair's elements directly in two arguments.
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///
/// The argument has a layout abi of `ScalarPair`.
Pair(ArgAttributes, ArgAttributes),
/// Pass the argument after casting it, to either
/// a single uniform or a pair of registers.
Cast(Box<CastTarget>),
/// Pass the argument indirectly via a hidden pointer.
/// The `extra_attrs` value, if any, is for the extra data (vtable or length)
/// which indicates that it refers to an unsized rvalue.
/// `on_stack` defines that the the value should be passed at a fixed
/// stack offset in accordance to the ABI rather than passed using a
/// pointer. This corresponds to the `byval` LLVM argument attribute.
Indirect { attrs: ArgAttributes, extra_attrs: Option<ArgAttributes>, on_stack: bool },
}
// Hack to disable non_upper_case_globals only for the bitflags! and not for the rest
// of this module
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pub use attr_impl::ArgAttribute;
#[allow(non_upper_case_globals)]
#[allow(unused)]
mod attr_impl {
// The subset of llvm::Attribute needed for arguments, packed into a bitfield.
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bitflags::bitflags! {
#[derive(Default, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct ArgAttribute: u16 {
const NoAlias = 1 << 1;
const NoCapture = 1 << 2;
const NonNull = 1 << 3;
const ReadOnly = 1 << 4;
const InReg = 1 << 5;
// Due to past miscompiles in LLVM, we use a separate attribute for
// &mut arguments, so that the codegen backend can decide whether
// or not to actually emit the attribute. It can also be controlled
// with the `-Zmutable-noalias` debugging option.
const NoAliasMutRef = 1 << 6;
const NoUndef = 1 << 7;
}
}
}
/// Sometimes an ABI requires small integers to be extended to a full or partial register. This enum
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/// defines if this extension should be zero-extension or sign-extension when necessary. When it is
/// not necessary to extend the argument, this enum is ignored.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub enum ArgExtension {
None,
Zext,
Sext,
}
/// A compact representation of LLVM attributes (at least those relevant for this module)
/// that can be manipulated without interacting with LLVM's Attribute machinery.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct ArgAttributes {
pub regular: ArgAttribute,
pub arg_ext: ArgExtension,
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/// The minimum size of the pointee, guaranteed to be valid for the duration of the whole call
/// (corresponding to LLVM's dereferenceable and dereferenceable_or_null attributes).
pub pointee_size: Size,
pub pointee_align: Option<Align>,
}
impl ArgAttributes {
pub fn new() -> Self {
ArgAttributes {
regular: ArgAttribute::default(),
arg_ext: ArgExtension::None,
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pointee_size: Size::ZERO,
pointee_align: None,
}
}
pub fn ext(&mut self, ext: ArgExtension) -> &mut Self {
assert!(
self.arg_ext == ArgExtension::None || self.arg_ext == ext,
"cannot set {:?} when {:?} is already set",
ext,
self.arg_ext
);
self.arg_ext = ext;
self
}
pub fn set(&mut self, attr: ArgAttribute) -> &mut Self {
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self.regular |= attr;
self
}
pub fn contains(&self, attr: ArgAttribute) -> bool {
self.regular.contains(attr)
}
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub enum RegKind {
Integer,
Float,
Vector,
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct Reg {
pub kind: RegKind,
pub size: Size,
}
macro_rules! reg_ctor {
($name:ident, $kind:ident, $bits:expr) => {
pub fn $name() -> Reg {
Reg { kind: RegKind::$kind, size: Size::from_bits($bits) }
}
};
}
impl Reg {
reg_ctor!(i8, Integer, 8);
reg_ctor!(i16, Integer, 16);
reg_ctor!(i32, Integer, 32);
reg_ctor!(i64, Integer, 64);
reg_ctor!(i128, Integer, 128);
reg_ctor!(f32, Float, 32);
reg_ctor!(f64, Float, 64);
}
impl Reg {
pub fn align<C: HasDataLayout>(&self, cx: &C) -> Align {
let dl = cx.data_layout();
match self.kind {
RegKind::Integer => match self.size.bits() {
1 => dl.i1_align.abi,
2..=8 => dl.i8_align.abi,
9..=16 => dl.i16_align.abi,
17..=32 => dl.i32_align.abi,
33..=64 => dl.i64_align.abi,
65..=128 => dl.i128_align.abi,
_ => panic!("unsupported integer: {:?}", self),
},
RegKind::Float => match self.size.bits() {
32 => dl.f32_align.abi,
64 => dl.f64_align.abi,
_ => panic!("unsupported float: {:?}", self),
},
RegKind::Vector => dl.vector_align(self.size).abi,
}
}
}
/// An argument passed entirely registers with the
/// same kind (e.g., HFA / HVA on PPC64 and AArch64).
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct Uniform {
pub unit: Reg,
/// The total size of the argument, which can be:
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/// * equal to `unit.size` (one scalar/vector),
/// * a multiple of `unit.size` (an array of scalar/vectors),
/// * if `unit.kind` is `Integer`, the last element
/// can be shorter, i.e., `{ i64, i64, i32 }` for
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/// 64-bit integers with a total size of 20 bytes.
pub total: Size,
}
impl From<Reg> for Uniform {
fn from(unit: Reg) -> Uniform {
Uniform { unit, total: unit.size }
}
}
impl Uniform {
pub fn align<C: HasDataLayout>(&self, cx: &C) -> Align {
self.unit.align(cx)
}
}
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct CastTarget {
pub prefix: [Option<Reg>; 8],
pub rest: Uniform,
pub attrs: ArgAttributes,
}
impl From<Reg> for CastTarget {
fn from(unit: Reg) -> CastTarget {
CastTarget::from(Uniform::from(unit))
}
}
impl From<Uniform> for CastTarget {
fn from(uniform: Uniform) -> CastTarget {
CastTarget {
prefix: [None; 8],
rest: uniform,
attrs: ArgAttributes {
regular: ArgAttribute::default(),
arg_ext: ArgExtension::None,
pointee_size: Size::ZERO,
pointee_align: None,
},
}
}
}
impl CastTarget {
pub fn pair(a: Reg, b: Reg) -> CastTarget {
CastTarget {
prefix: [Some(a), None, None, None, None, None, None, None],
rest: Uniform::from(b),
attrs: ArgAttributes {
regular: ArgAttribute::default(),
arg_ext: ArgExtension::None,
pointee_size: Size::ZERO,
pointee_align: None,
},
}
}
pub fn size<C: HasDataLayout>(&self, _cx: &C) -> Size {
let mut size = self.rest.total;
for i in 0..self.prefix.iter().count() {
match self.prefix[i] {
Some(v) => size += Size { raw: v.size.bytes() },
None => {}
}
}
return size;
}
pub fn align<C: HasDataLayout>(&self, cx: &C) -> Align {
self.prefix
.iter()
.filter_map(|x| x.map(|reg| reg.align(cx)))
.fold(cx.data_layout().aggregate_align.abi.max(self.rest.align(cx)), |acc, align| {
acc.max(align)
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})
}
}
/// Return value from the `homogeneous_aggregate` test function.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
pub enum HomogeneousAggregate {
/// Yes, all the "leaf fields" of this struct are passed in the
/// same way (specified in the `Reg` value).
Homogeneous(Reg),
/// There are no leaf fields at all.
NoData,
}
/// Error from the `homogeneous_aggregate` test function, indicating
/// there are distinct leaf fields passed in different ways,
/// or this is uninhabited.
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Heterogeneous;
impl HomogeneousAggregate {
/// If this is a homogeneous aggregate, returns the homogeneous
/// unit, else `None`.
pub fn unit(self) -> Option<Reg> {
match self {
HomogeneousAggregate::Homogeneous(reg) => Some(reg),
HomogeneousAggregate::NoData => None,
}
}
/// Try to combine two `HomogeneousAggregate`s, e.g. from two fields in
/// the same `struct`. Only succeeds if only one of them has any data,
/// or both units are identical.
fn merge(self, other: HomogeneousAggregate) -> Result<HomogeneousAggregate, Heterogeneous> {
match (self, other) {
(x, HomogeneousAggregate::NoData) | (HomogeneousAggregate::NoData, x) => Ok(x),
(HomogeneousAggregate::Homogeneous(a), HomogeneousAggregate::Homogeneous(b)) => {
if a != b {
return Err(Heterogeneous);
}
Ok(self)
}
}
}
}
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impl<'a, Ty> TyAndLayout<'a, Ty> {
fn is_aggregate(&self) -> bool {
match self.abi {
Abi::Uninhabited | Abi::Scalar(_) | Abi::Vector { .. } => false,
Abi::ScalarPair(..) | Abi::Aggregate { .. } => true,
}
}
/// Returns `Homogeneous` if this layout is an aggregate containing fields of
/// only a single type (e.g., `(u32, u32)`). Such aggregates are often
/// special-cased in ABIs.
///
/// Note: We generally ignore fields of zero-sized type when computing
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/// this value (see #56877).
///
/// This is public so that it can be used in unit tests, but
/// should generally only be relevant to the ABI details of
/// specific targets.
pub fn homogeneous_aggregate<C>(&self, cx: &C) -> Result<HomogeneousAggregate, Heterogeneous>
where
Ty: TyAbiInterface<'a, C> + Copy,
{
match self.abi {
Abi::Uninhabited => Err(Heterogeneous),
// The primitive for this algorithm.
Abi::Scalar(scalar) => {
let kind = match scalar.primitive() {
abi::Int(..) | abi::Pointer => RegKind::Integer,
abi::F32 | abi::F64 => RegKind::Float,
};
Ok(HomogeneousAggregate::Homogeneous(Reg { kind, size: self.size }))
}
Abi::Vector { .. } => {
assert!(!self.is_zst());
Ok(HomogeneousAggregate::Homogeneous(Reg {
kind: RegKind::Vector,
size: self.size,
}))
}
Abi::ScalarPair(..) | Abi::Aggregate { .. } => {
// Helper for computing `homogeneous_aggregate`, allowing a custom
// starting offset (used below for handling variants).
let from_fields_at =
|layout: Self,
start: Size|
-> Result<(HomogeneousAggregate, Size), Heterogeneous> {
let is_union = match layout.fields {
FieldsShape::Primitive => {
unreachable!("aggregates can't have `FieldsShape::Primitive`")
}
FieldsShape::Array { count, .. } => {
assert_eq!(start, Size::ZERO);
let result = if count > 0 {
layout.field(cx, 0).homogeneous_aggregate(cx)?
} else {
HomogeneousAggregate::NoData
};
return Ok((result, layout.size));
}
FieldsShape::Union(_) => true,
FieldsShape::Arbitrary { .. } => false,
};
let mut result = HomogeneousAggregate::NoData;
let mut total = start;
for i in 0..layout.fields.count() {
if !is_union && total != layout.fields.offset(i) {
return Err(Heterogeneous);
}
let field = layout.field(cx, i);
result = result.merge(field.homogeneous_aggregate(cx)?)?;
// Keep track of the offset (without padding).
let size = field.size;
if is_union {
total = total.max(size);
} else {
total += size;
}
}
Ok((result, total))
};
let (mut result, mut total) = from_fields_at(*self, Size::ZERO)?;
match &self.variants {
abi::Variants::Single { .. } => {}
abi::Variants::Multiple { variants, .. } => {
// Treat enum variants like union members.
// HACK(eddyb) pretend the `enum` field (discriminant)
// is at the start of every variant (otherwise the gap
// at the start of all variants would disqualify them).
//
// NB: for all tagged `enum`s (which include all non-C-like
// `enum`s with defined FFI representation), this will
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// match the homogeneous computation on the equivalent
// `struct { tag; union { variant1; ... } }` and/or
// `union { struct { tag; variant1; } ... }`
// (the offsets of variant fields should be identical
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// between the two for either to be a homogeneous aggregate).
let variant_start = total;
for variant_idx in variants.indices() {
let (variant_result, variant_total) =
from_fields_at(self.for_variant(cx, variant_idx), variant_start)?;
result = result.merge(variant_result)?;
total = total.max(variant_total);
}
}
}
// There needs to be no padding.
if total != self.size {
Err(Heterogeneous)
} else {
match result {
HomogeneousAggregate::Homogeneous(_) => {
assert_ne!(total, Size::ZERO);
}
HomogeneousAggregate::NoData => {
assert_eq!(total, Size::ZERO);
}
}
Ok(result)
}
}
}
}
}
/// Information about how to pass an argument to,
/// or return a value from, a function, under some ABI.
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct ArgAbi<'a, Ty> {
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pub layout: TyAndLayout<'a, Ty>,
/// Dummy argument, which is emitted before the real argument.
pub pad_i32: bool,
pub mode: PassMode,
}
impl<'a, Ty> ArgAbi<'a, Ty> {
pub fn new(
cx: &impl HasDataLayout,
layout: TyAndLayout<'a, Ty>,
scalar_attrs: impl Fn(&TyAndLayout<'a, Ty>, abi::Scalar, Size) -> ArgAttributes,
) -> Self {
let mode = match layout.abi {
Abi::Uninhabited => PassMode::Ignore,
Abi::Scalar(scalar) => PassMode::Direct(scalar_attrs(&layout, scalar, Size::ZERO)),
Abi::ScalarPair(a, b) => PassMode::Pair(
scalar_attrs(&layout, a, Size::ZERO),
scalar_attrs(&layout, b, a.size(cx).align_to(b.align(cx).abi)),
),
Abi::Vector { .. } => PassMode::Direct(ArgAttributes::new()),
Abi::Aggregate { .. } => PassMode::Direct(ArgAttributes::new()),
};
ArgAbi { layout, pad_i32: false, mode }
}
fn indirect_pass_mode(layout: &TyAndLayout<'a, Ty>) -> PassMode {
let mut attrs = ArgAttributes::new();
// For non-immediate arguments the callee gets its own copy of
// the value on the stack, so there are no aliases. It's also
// program-invisible so can't possibly capture
attrs
.set(ArgAttribute::NoAlias)
.set(ArgAttribute::NoCapture)
.set(ArgAttribute::NonNull)
.set(ArgAttribute::NoUndef);
attrs.pointee_size = layout.size;
// FIXME(eddyb) We should be doing this, but at least on
// i686-pc-windows-msvc, it results in wrong stack offsets.
// attrs.pointee_align = Some(layout.align.abi);
let extra_attrs = layout.is_unsized().then_some(ArgAttributes::new());
PassMode::Indirect { attrs, extra_attrs, on_stack: false }
}
pub fn make_indirect(&mut self) {
match self.mode {
PassMode::Direct(_) | PassMode::Pair(_, _) => {}
PassMode::Indirect { attrs: _, extra_attrs: None, on_stack: false } => return,
_ => panic!("Tried to make {:?} indirect", self.mode),
}
self.mode = Self::indirect_pass_mode(&self.layout);
}
pub fn make_indirect_byval(&mut self) {
self.make_indirect();
match self.mode {
PassMode::Indirect { attrs: _, extra_attrs: _, ref mut on_stack } => {
*on_stack = true;
}
_ => unreachable!(),
}
}
pub fn extend_integer_width_to(&mut self, bits: u64) {
// Only integers have signedness
if let Abi::Scalar(scalar) = self.layout.abi {
if let abi::Int(i, signed) = scalar.primitive() {
if i.size().bits() < bits {
if let PassMode::Direct(ref mut attrs) = self.mode {
if signed {
attrs.ext(ArgExtension::Sext)
} else {
attrs.ext(ArgExtension::Zext)
};
}
}
}
}
}
pub fn cast_to<T: Into<CastTarget>>(&mut self, target: T) {
self.mode = PassMode::Cast(Box::new(target.into()));
}
pub fn pad_with_i32(&mut self) {
self.pad_i32 = true;
}
pub fn is_indirect(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self.mode, PassMode::Indirect { .. })
}
pub fn is_sized_indirect(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self.mode, PassMode::Indirect { attrs: _, extra_attrs: None, on_stack: _ })
}
pub fn is_unsized_indirect(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self.mode, PassMode::Indirect { attrs: _, extra_attrs: Some(_), on_stack: _ })
}
pub fn is_ignore(&self) -> bool {
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matches!(self.mode, PassMode::Ignore)
}
}
#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub enum Conv {
// General language calling conventions, for which every target
// should have its own backend (e.g. LLVM) support.
C,
Rust,
/// For things unlikely to be called, where smaller caller codegen is
/// preferred over raw speed.
/// Stronger than just `#[cold]` because `fn` pointers might be incompatible.
RustCold,
// Target-specific calling conventions.
ArmAapcs,
CCmseNonSecureCall,
Msp430Intr,
PtxKernel,
X86Fastcall,
X86Intr,
X86Stdcall,
X86ThisCall,
X86VectorCall,
X86_64SysV,
X86_64Win64,
AmdGpuKernel,
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AvrInterrupt,
AvrNonBlockingInterrupt,
}
/// Metadata describing how the arguments to a native function
/// should be passed in order to respect the native ABI.
///
/// I will do my best to describe this structure, but these
/// comments are reverse-engineered and may be inaccurate. -NDM
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub struct FnAbi<'a, Ty> {
/// The LLVM types of each argument.
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pub args: Box<[ArgAbi<'a, Ty>]>,
/// LLVM return type.
pub ret: ArgAbi<'a, Ty>,
pub c_variadic: bool,
/// The count of non-variadic arguments.
///
/// Should only be different from args.len() when c_variadic is true.
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/// This can be used to know whether an argument is variadic or not.
pub fixed_count: u32,
pub conv: Conv,
pub can_unwind: bool,
}
/// Error produced by attempting to adjust a `FnAbi`, for a "foreign" ABI.
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#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
pub enum AdjustForForeignAbiError {
/// Target architecture doesn't support "foreign" (i.e. non-Rust) ABIs.
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Unsupported { arch: Symbol, abi: spec::abi::Abi },
}
impl fmt::Display for AdjustForForeignAbiError {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::Unsupported { arch, abi } => {
write!(f, "target architecture {:?} does not support `extern {}` ABI", arch, abi)
}
}
}
}
impl<'a, Ty> FnAbi<'a, Ty> {
pub fn adjust_for_foreign_abi<C>(
&mut self,
cx: &C,
abi: spec::abi::Abi,
) -> Result<(), AdjustForForeignAbiError>
where
Ty: TyAbiInterface<'a, C> + Copy,
C: HasDataLayout + HasTargetSpec,
{
if abi == spec::abi::Abi::X86Interrupt {
if let Some(arg) = self.args.first_mut() {
arg.make_indirect_byval();
}
return Ok(());
}
match &cx.target_spec().arch[..] {
"x86" => {
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let flavor = if let spec::abi::Abi::Fastcall { .. }
| spec::abi::Abi::Vectorcall { .. } = abi
{
x86::Flavor::FastcallOrVectorcall
} else {
x86::Flavor::General
};
x86::compute_abi_info(cx, self, flavor);
}
"x86_64" => match abi {
spec::abi::Abi::SysV64 { .. } => x86_64::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
spec::abi::Abi::Win64 { .. } => x86_win64::compute_abi_info(self),
_ => {
if cx.target_spec().is_like_windows {
x86_win64::compute_abi_info(self)
} else {
x86_64::compute_abi_info(cx, self)
}
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}
},
"aarch64" => aarch64::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
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"amdgpu" => amdgpu::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"arm" => arm::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
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"avr" => avr::compute_abi_info(self),
"m68k" => m68k::compute_abi_info(self),
"mips" => mips::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"mips64" => mips64::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"powerpc" => powerpc::compute_abi_info(self),
"powerpc64" => powerpc64::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"s390x" => s390x::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"msp430" => msp430::compute_abi_info(self),
"sparc" => sparc::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"sparc64" => sparc64::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
"nvptx64" => {
if cx.target_spec().adjust_abi(abi) == spec::abi::Abi::PtxKernel {
nvptx64::compute_ptx_kernel_abi_info(cx, self)
} else {
nvptx64::compute_abi_info(self)
}
}
"hexagon" => hexagon::compute_abi_info(self),
"riscv32" | "riscv64" => riscv::compute_abi_info(cx, self),
rustc: Add a new `wasm` ABI This commit implements the idea of a new ABI for the WebAssembly target, one called `"wasm"`. This ABI is entirely of my own invention and has no current precedent, but I think that the addition of this ABI might help solve a number of issues with the WebAssembly targets. When `wasm32-unknown-unknown` was first added to Rust I naively "implemented an abi" for the target. I then went to write `wasm-bindgen` which accidentally relied on details of this ABI. Turns out the ABI definition didn't match C, which is causing issues for C/Rust interop. Currently the compiler has a "wasm32 bindgen compat" ABI which is the original implementation I added, and it's purely there for, well, `wasm-bindgen`. Another issue with the WebAssembly target is that it's not clear to me when and if the default C ABI will change to account for WebAssembly's multi-value feature (a feature that allows functions to return multiple values). Even if this does happen, though, it seems like the C ABI will be guided based on the performance of WebAssembly code and will likely not match even what the current wasm-bindgen-compat ABI is today. This leaves a hole in Rust's expressivity in binding WebAssembly where given a particular import type, Rust may not be able to import that signature with an updated C ABI for multi-value. To fix these issues I had the idea of a new ABI for WebAssembly, one called `wasm`. The definition of this ABI is "what you write maps straight to wasm". The goal here is that whatever you write down in the parameter list or in the return values goes straight into the function's signature in the WebAssembly file. This special ABI is for intentionally matching the ABI of an imported function from the environment or exporting a function with the right signature. With the addition of a new ABI, this enables rustc to: * Eventually remove the "wasm-bindgen compat hack". Once this ABI is stable wasm-bindgen can switch to using it everywhere. Afterwards the wasm32-unknown-unknown target can have its default ABI updated to match C. * Expose the ability to precisely match an ABI signature for a WebAssembly function, regardless of what the C ABI that clang chooses turns out to be. * Continue to evolve the definition of the default C ABI to match what clang does on all targets, since the purpose of that ABI will be explicitly matching C rather than generating particular function imports/exports. Naturally this is implemented as an unstable feature initially, but it would be nice for this to get stabilized (if it works) in the near-ish future to remove the wasm32-unknown-unknown incompatibility with the C ABI. Doing this, however, requires the feature to be on stable because wasm-bindgen works with stable Rust.
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"wasm32" | "wasm64" => {
if cx.target_spec().adjust_abi(abi) == spec::abi::Abi::Wasm {
wasm::compute_wasm_abi_info(self)
} else {
wasm::compute_c_abi_info(cx, self)
}
}
"asmjs" => wasm::compute_c_abi_info(cx, self),
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"bpf" => bpf::compute_abi_info(self),
arch => {
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return Err(AdjustForForeignAbiError::Unsupported {
arch: Symbol::intern(arch),
abi,
});
}
}
Ok(())
}
}
// Some types are used a lot. Make sure they don't unintentionally get bigger.
#[cfg(all(target_arch = "x86_64", target_pointer_width = "64"))]
mod size_asserts {
use super::*;
use rustc_data_structures::static_assert_size;
// These are in alphabetical order, which is easy to maintain.
static_assert_size!(ArgAbi<'_, usize>, 64);
static_assert_size!(FnAbi<'_, usize>, 88);
}