rust/compiler/rustc_lint/src/internal.rs

//! Some lints that are only useful in the compiler or crates that use compiler internals, such as
//! Clippy.

use crate::lints::{
    BadOptAccessDiag, DefaultHashTypesDiag, DiagOutOfImpl, LintPassByHand, NonExistentDocKeyword,
    QueryInstability, SpanUseEqCtxtDiag, TyQualified, TykindDiag, TykindKind, UntranslatableDiag,
};
use crate::{EarlyContext, EarlyLintPass, LateContext, LateLintPass, LintContext};
use rustc_ast as ast;
use rustc_hir::def::Res;
use rustc_hir::{def_id::DefId, Expr, ExprKind, GenericArg, PatKind, Path, PathSegment, QPath};
use rustc_hir::{BinOp, BinOpKind, HirId, Impl, Item, ItemKind, Node, Pat, Ty, TyKind};
use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty as MiddleTy};
use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
use rustc_span::hygiene::{ExpnKind, MacroKind};
use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Symbol};
use rustc_span::Span;

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `default_hash_type` lint detects use of [`std::collections::HashMap`]/[`std::collections::HashSet`],
    /// suggesting the use of `FxHashMap`/`FxHashSet`.
    ///
    /// This can help as `FxHasher` can perform better than the default hasher. DOS protection is not
    /// required as input is assumed to be trusted.
    pub rustc::DEFAULT_HASH_TYPES,
    Allow,
    "forbid HashMap and HashSet and suggest the FxHash* variants",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(DefaultHashTypes => [DEFAULT_HASH_TYPES]);

impl LateLintPass<'_> for DefaultHashTypes {
    fn check_path(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, path: &Path<'_>, hir_id: HirId) {
        let Res::Def(rustc_hir::def::DefKind::Struct, def_id) = path.res else { return };
        if matches!(cx.tcx.hir_node(hir_id), Node::Item(Item { kind: ItemKind::Use(..), .. })) {
            // don't lint imports, only actual usages
            return;
        }
        let preferred = match cx.tcx.get_diagnostic_name(def_id) {
            Some(sym::HashMap) => "FxHashMap",
            Some(sym::HashSet) => "FxHashSet",
            _ => return,
        };
        cx.emit_span_lint(
            DEFAULT_HASH_TYPES,
            path.span,
            DefaultHashTypesDiag { preferred, used: cx.tcx.item_name(def_id) },
        );
    }
}

/// Helper function for lints that check for expressions with calls and use typeck results to
/// get the `DefId` and `GenericArgsRef` of the function.
fn typeck_results_of_method_fn<'tcx>(
    cx: &LateContext<'tcx>,
    expr: &Expr<'_>,
) -> Option<(Span, DefId, ty::GenericArgsRef<'tcx>)> {
    match expr.kind {
        ExprKind::MethodCall(segment, ..)
            if let Some(def_id) = cx.typeck_results().type_dependent_def_id(expr.hir_id) =>
        {
            Some((segment.ident.span, def_id, cx.typeck_results().node_args(expr.hir_id)))
        }
        _ => match cx.typeck_results().node_type(expr.hir_id).kind() {
            &ty::FnDef(def_id, args) => Some((expr.span, def_id, args)),
            _ => None,
        },
    }
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `potential_query_instability` lint detects use of methods which can lead to
    /// potential query instability, such as iterating over a `HashMap`.
    ///
    /// Due to the [incremental compilation](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/queries/incremental-compilation.html) model,
    /// queries must return deterministic, stable results. `HashMap` iteration order can change between compilations,
    /// and will introduce instability if query results expose the order.
    pub rustc::POTENTIAL_QUERY_INSTABILITY,
    Allow,
    "require explicit opt-in when using potentially unstable methods or functions",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(QueryStability => [POTENTIAL_QUERY_INSTABILITY]);

impl LateLintPass<'_> for QueryStability {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
        let Some((span, def_id, args)) = typeck_results_of_method_fn(cx, expr) else { return };
        if let Ok(Some(instance)) = ty::Instance::resolve(cx.tcx, cx.param_env, def_id, args) {
            let def_id = instance.def_id();
            if cx.tcx.has_attr(def_id, sym::rustc_lint_query_instability) {
                cx.emit_span_lint(
                    POTENTIAL_QUERY_INSTABILITY,
                    span,
                    QueryInstability { query: cx.tcx.item_name(def_id) },
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `usage_of_ty_tykind` lint detects usages of `ty::TyKind::<kind>`,
    /// where `ty::<kind>` would suffice.
    pub rustc::USAGE_OF_TY_TYKIND,
    Allow,
    "usage of `ty::TyKind` outside of the `ty::sty` module",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `usage_of_qualified_ty` lint detects usages of `ty::TyKind`,
    /// where `Ty` should be used instead.
    pub rustc::USAGE_OF_QUALIFIED_TY,
    Allow,
    "using `ty::{Ty,TyCtxt}` instead of importing it",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(TyTyKind => [
    USAGE_OF_TY_TYKIND,
    USAGE_OF_QUALIFIED_TY,
]);

impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for TyTyKind {
    fn check_path(
        &mut self,
        cx: &LateContext<'tcx>,
        path: &rustc_hir::Path<'tcx>,
        _: rustc_hir::HirId,
    ) {
        if let Some(segment) = path.segments.iter().nth_back(1)
            && lint_ty_kind_usage(cx, &segment.res)
        {
            let span =
                path.span.with_hi(segment.args.map_or(segment.ident.span, |a| a.span_ext).hi());
            cx.emit_span_lint(USAGE_OF_TY_TYKIND, path.span, TykindKind { suggestion: span });
        }
    }

    fn check_ty(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, ty: &'tcx Ty<'tcx>) {
        match &ty.kind {
            TyKind::Path(QPath::Resolved(_, path)) => {
                if lint_ty_kind_usage(cx, &path.res) {
                    let span = match cx.tcx.parent_hir_node(ty.hir_id) {
                        Node::Pat(Pat {
                            kind:
                                PatKind::Path(qpath)
                                | PatKind::TupleStruct(qpath, ..)
                                | PatKind::Struct(qpath, ..),
                            ..
                        }) => {
                            if let QPath::TypeRelative(qpath_ty, ..) = qpath
                                && qpath_ty.hir_id == ty.hir_id
                            {
                                Some(path.span)
                            } else {
                                None
                            }
                        }
                        Node::Expr(Expr { kind: ExprKind::Path(qpath), .. }) => {
                            if let QPath::TypeRelative(qpath_ty, ..) = qpath
                                && qpath_ty.hir_id == ty.hir_id
                            {
                                Some(path.span)
                            } else {
                                None
                            }
                        }
                        // Can't unify these two branches because qpath below is `&&` and above is `&`
                        // and `A | B` paths don't play well together with adjustments, apparently.
                        Node::Expr(Expr { kind: ExprKind::Struct(qpath, ..), .. }) => {
                            if let QPath::TypeRelative(qpath_ty, ..) = qpath
                                && qpath_ty.hir_id == ty.hir_id
                            {
                                Some(path.span)
                            } else {
                                None
                            }
                        }
                        _ => None,
                    };

                    match span {
                        Some(span) => {
                            cx.emit_span_lint(
                                USAGE_OF_TY_TYKIND,
                                path.span,
                                TykindKind { suggestion: span },
                            );
                        }
                        None => cx.emit_span_lint(USAGE_OF_TY_TYKIND, path.span, TykindDiag),
                    }
                } else if !ty.span.from_expansion()
                    && path.segments.len() > 1
                    && let Some(ty) = is_ty_or_ty_ctxt(cx, path)
                {
                    cx.emit_span_lint(
                        USAGE_OF_QUALIFIED_TY,
                        path.span,
                        TyQualified { ty, suggestion: path.span },
                    );
                }
            }
            _ => {}
        }
    }
}

fn lint_ty_kind_usage(cx: &LateContext<'_>, res: &Res) -> bool {
    if let Some(did) = res.opt_def_id() {
        cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::TyKind, did) || cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::IrTyKind, did)
    } else {
        false
    }
}

fn is_ty_or_ty_ctxt(cx: &LateContext<'_>, path: &Path<'_>) -> Option<String> {
    match &path.res {
        Res::Def(_, def_id) => {
            if let Some(name @ (sym::Ty | sym::TyCtxt)) = cx.tcx.get_diagnostic_name(*def_id) {
                return Some(format!("{}{}", name, gen_args(path.segments.last().unwrap())));
            }
        }
        // Only lint on `&Ty` and `&TyCtxt` if it is used outside of a trait.
        Res::SelfTyAlias { alias_to: did, is_trait_impl: false, .. } => {
            if let ty::Adt(adt, args) = cx.tcx.type_of(did).instantiate_identity().kind() {
                if let Some(name @ (sym::Ty | sym::TyCtxt)) = cx.tcx.get_diagnostic_name(adt.did())
                {
                    // NOTE: This path is currently unreachable as `Ty<'tcx>` is
                    // defined as a type alias meaning that `impl<'tcx> Ty<'tcx>`
                    // is not actually allowed.
                    //
                    // I(@lcnr) still kept this branch in so we don't miss this
                    // if we ever change it in the future.
                    return Some(format!("{}<{}>", name, args[0]));
                }
            }
        }
        _ => (),
    }

    None
}

fn gen_args(segment: &PathSegment<'_>) -> String {
    if let Some(args) = &segment.args {
        let lifetimes = args
            .args
            .iter()
            .filter_map(|arg| {
                if let GenericArg::Lifetime(lt) = arg { Some(lt.ident.to_string()) } else { None }
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        if !lifetimes.is_empty() {
            return format!("<{}>", lifetimes.join(", "));
        }
    }

    String::new()
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `lint_pass_impl_without_macro` detects manual implementations of a lint
    /// pass, without using [`declare_lint_pass`] or [`impl_lint_pass`].
    pub rustc::LINT_PASS_IMPL_WITHOUT_MACRO,
    Allow,
    "`impl LintPass` without the `declare_lint_pass!` or `impl_lint_pass!` macros"
}

declare_lint_pass!(LintPassImpl => [LINT_PASS_IMPL_WITHOUT_MACRO]);

impl EarlyLintPass for LintPassImpl {
    fn check_item(&mut self, cx: &EarlyContext<'_>, item: &ast::Item) {
        if let ast::ItemKind::Impl(box ast::Impl { of_trait: Some(lint_pass), .. }) = &item.kind {
            if let Some(last) = lint_pass.path.segments.last() {
                if last.ident.name == sym::LintPass {
                    let expn_data = lint_pass.path.span.ctxt().outer_expn_data();
                    let call_site = expn_data.call_site;
                    if expn_data.kind != ExpnKind::Macro(MacroKind::Bang, sym::impl_lint_pass)
                        && call_site.ctxt().outer_expn_data().kind
                            != ExpnKind::Macro(MacroKind::Bang, sym::declare_lint_pass)
                    {
                        cx.emit_span_lint(
                            LINT_PASS_IMPL_WITHOUT_MACRO,
                            lint_pass.path.span,
                            LintPassByHand,
                        );
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `existing_doc_keyword` lint detects use `#[doc()]` keywords
    /// that don't exist, e.g. `#[doc(keyword = "..")]`.
    pub rustc::EXISTING_DOC_KEYWORD,
    Allow,
    "Check that documented keywords in std and core actually exist",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(ExistingDocKeyword => [EXISTING_DOC_KEYWORD]);

fn is_doc_keyword(s: Symbol) -> bool {
    s <= kw::Union
}

impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for ExistingDocKeyword {
    fn check_item(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, item: &rustc_hir::Item<'_>) {
        for attr in cx.tcx.hir().attrs(item.hir_id()) {
            if !attr.has_name(sym::doc) {
                continue;
            }
            if let Some(list) = attr.meta_item_list() {
                for nested in list {
                    if nested.has_name(sym::keyword) {
                        let keyword = nested
                            .value_str()
                            .expect("#[doc(keyword = \"...\")] expected a value!");
                        if is_doc_keyword(keyword) {
                            return;
                        }
                        cx.emit_span_lint(
                            EXISTING_DOC_KEYWORD,
                            attr.span,
                            NonExistentDocKeyword { keyword },
                        );
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `untranslatable_diagnostic` lint detects messages passed to functions with `impl
    /// Into<{D,Subd}iagMessage` parameters without using translatable Fluent strings.
    ///
    /// More details on translatable diagnostics can be found
    /// [here](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/diagnostics/translation.html).
    pub rustc::UNTRANSLATABLE_DIAGNOSTIC,
    Deny,
    "prevent creation of diagnostics which cannot be translated",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `diagnostic_outside_of_impl` lint detects calls to functions annotated with
    /// `#[rustc_lint_diagnostics]` that are outside an `Diagnostic`, `Subdiagnostic`, or
    /// `DecorateLint` impl, or a `#[derive(Diagnostic)]`, `#[derive(Subdiagnostic)]`,
    /// `#[derive(DecorateLint)]` expansion.
    ///
    /// More details on diagnostics implementations can be found
    /// [here](https://rustc-dev-guide.rust-lang.org/diagnostics/diagnostic-structs.html).
    pub rustc::DIAGNOSTIC_OUTSIDE_OF_IMPL,
    Deny,
    "prevent creation of diagnostics outside of `Diagnostic`/`Subdiagnostic` impls",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(Diagnostics => [UNTRANSLATABLE_DIAGNOSTIC, DIAGNOSTIC_OUTSIDE_OF_IMPL]);

impl LateLintPass<'_> for Diagnostics {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
        // Only check function calls and method calls.
        let (span, def_id, fn_gen_args, call_tys) = match expr.kind {
            ExprKind::Call(callee, args) => {
                match cx.typeck_results().node_type(callee.hir_id).kind() {
                    &ty::FnDef(def_id, fn_gen_args) => {
                        let call_tys: Vec<_> =
                            args.iter().map(|arg| cx.typeck_results().expr_ty(arg)).collect();
                        (callee.span, def_id, fn_gen_args, call_tys)
                    }
                    _ => return, // occurs for fns passed as args
                }
            }
            ExprKind::MethodCall(_segment, _recv, args, _span) => {
                let Some((span, def_id, fn_gen_args)) = typeck_results_of_method_fn(cx, expr)
                else {
                    return;
                };
                let mut call_tys: Vec<_> =
                    args.iter().map(|arg| cx.typeck_results().expr_ty(arg)).collect();
                call_tys.insert(0, cx.tcx.types.self_param); // dummy inserted for `self`
                (span, def_id, fn_gen_args, call_tys)
            }
            _ => return,
        };

        // Is the callee marked with `#[rustc_lint_diagnostics]`?
        let has_attr = ty::Instance::resolve(cx.tcx, cx.param_env, def_id, fn_gen_args)
            .ok()
            .flatten()
            .is_some_and(|inst| cx.tcx.has_attr(inst.def_id(), sym::rustc_lint_diagnostics));

        // Closure: is the type `{D,Subd}iagMessage`?
        let is_diag_message = |ty: MiddleTy<'_>| {
            if let Some(adt_def) = ty.ty_adt_def()
                && let Some(name) = cx.tcx.get_diagnostic_name(adt_def.did())
                && matches!(name, sym::DiagMessage | sym::SubdiagMessage)
            {
                true
            } else {
                false
            }
        };

        // Does the callee have a `impl Into<{D,Subd}iagMessage>` parameter? (There should be at
        // most one.)
        let mut impl_into_diagnostic_message_param = None;
        let fn_sig = cx.tcx.fn_sig(def_id).instantiate_identity().skip_binder();
        let predicates = cx.tcx.predicates_of(def_id).instantiate_identity(cx.tcx).predicates;
        for (i, &param_ty) in fn_sig.inputs().iter().enumerate() {
            if let ty::Param(p) = param_ty.kind() {
                // It is a type parameter. Check if it is `impl Into<{D,Subd}iagMessage>`.
                for pred in predicates.iter() {
                    if let Some(trait_pred) = pred.as_trait_clause()
                        && let trait_ref = trait_pred.skip_binder().trait_ref
                        && trait_ref.self_ty() == param_ty // correct predicate for the param?
                        && cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::Into, trait_ref.def_id)
                        && let ty1 = trait_ref.args.type_at(1)
                        && is_diag_message(ty1)
                    {
                        if impl_into_diagnostic_message_param.is_some() {
                            cx.tcx.dcx().span_bug(
                                span,
                                "can't handle multiple `impl Into<{D,Sub}iagMessage>` params",
                            );
                        }
                        impl_into_diagnostic_message_param = Some((i, p.name));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // Is the callee interesting?
        if !has_attr && impl_into_diagnostic_message_param.is_none() {
            return;
        }

        // Is the parent method marked with `#[rustc_lint_diagnostics]`?
        let mut parent_has_attr = false;
        for (hir_id, _parent) in cx.tcx.hir().parent_iter(expr.hir_id) {
            if let Some(owner_did) = hir_id.as_owner()
                && cx.tcx.has_attr(owner_did, sym::rustc_lint_diagnostics)
            {
                parent_has_attr = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        // Calls to `#[rustc_lint_diagnostics]`-marked functions should only occur:
        // - inside an impl of `Diagnostic`, `Subdiagnostic`, or `DecorateLint`, or
        // - inside a parent function that is itself marked with `#[rustc_lint_diagnostics]`.
        //
        // Otherwise, emit a `DIAGNOSTIC_OUTSIDE_OF_IMPL` lint.
        if has_attr && !parent_has_attr {
            let mut is_inside_appropriate_impl = false;
            for (_hir_id, parent) in cx.tcx.hir().parent_iter(expr.hir_id) {
                debug!(?parent);
                if let Node::Item(Item { kind: ItemKind::Impl(impl_), .. }) = parent
                    && let Impl { of_trait: Some(of_trait), .. } = impl_
                    && let Some(def_id) = of_trait.trait_def_id()
                    && let Some(name) = cx.tcx.get_diagnostic_name(def_id)
                    && matches!(name, sym::Diagnostic | sym::Subdiagnostic | sym::DecorateLint)
                {
                    is_inside_appropriate_impl = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            debug!(?is_inside_appropriate_impl);
            if !is_inside_appropriate_impl {
                cx.emit_span_lint(DIAGNOSTIC_OUTSIDE_OF_IMPL, span, DiagOutOfImpl);
            }
        }

        // Calls to methods with an `impl Into<{D,Subd}iagMessage>` parameter must be passed an arg
        // with type `{D,Subd}iagMessage` or `impl Into<{D,Subd}iagMessage>`. Otherwise, emit an
        // `UNTRANSLATABLE_DIAGNOSTIC` lint.
        if let Some((param_i, param_i_p_name)) = impl_into_diagnostic_message_param {
            // Is the arg type `{Sub,D}iagMessage`or `impl Into<{Sub,D}iagMessage>`?
            let arg_ty = call_tys[param_i];
            let is_translatable = is_diag_message(arg_ty)
                || matches!(arg_ty.kind(), ty::Param(p) if p.name == param_i_p_name);
            if !is_translatable {
                cx.emit_span_lint(UNTRANSLATABLE_DIAGNOSTIC, span, UntranslatableDiag);
            }
        }
    }
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    /// The `bad_opt_access` lint detects accessing options by field instead of
    /// the wrapper function.
    pub rustc::BAD_OPT_ACCESS,
    Deny,
    "prevent using options by field access when there is a wrapper function",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(BadOptAccess => [BAD_OPT_ACCESS]);

impl LateLintPass<'_> for BadOptAccess {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
        let ExprKind::Field(base, target) = expr.kind else { return };
        let Some(adt_def) = cx.typeck_results().expr_ty(base).ty_adt_def() else { return };
        // Skip types without `#[rustc_lint_opt_ty]` - only so that the rest of the lint can be
        // avoided.
        if !cx.tcx.has_attr(adt_def.did(), sym::rustc_lint_opt_ty) {
            return;
        }

        for field in adt_def.all_fields() {
            if field.name == target.name
                && let Some(attr) =
                    cx.tcx.get_attr(field.did, sym::rustc_lint_opt_deny_field_access)
                && let Some(items) = attr.meta_item_list()
                && let Some(item) = items.first()
                && let Some(lit) = item.lit()
                && let ast::LitKind::Str(val, _) = lit.kind
            {
                cx.emit_span_lint(
                    BAD_OPT_ACCESS,
                    expr.span,
                    BadOptAccessDiag { msg: val.as_str() },
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

declare_tool_lint! {
    pub rustc::SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT,
    Allow,
    "forbid uses of `==` with `Span::ctxt`, suggest `Span::eq_ctxt` instead",
    report_in_external_macro: true
}

declare_lint_pass!(SpanUseEqCtxt => [SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT]);

impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for SpanUseEqCtxt {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
        if let ExprKind::Binary(BinOp { node: BinOpKind::Eq | BinOpKind::Ne, .. }, lhs, rhs) =
            expr.kind
        {
            if is_span_ctxt_call(cx, lhs) && is_span_ctxt_call(cx, rhs) {
                cx.emit_span_lint(SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT, expr.span, SpanUseEqCtxtDiag);
            }
        }
    }
}

fn is_span_ctxt_call(cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
    match &expr.kind {
        ExprKind::MethodCall(..) => cx
            .typeck_results()
            .type_dependent_def_id(expr.hir_id)
            .is_some_and(|call_did| cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::SpanCtxt, call_did)),

        _ => false,
    }
}